asterisk/include/asterisk/stasis_state.h

550 lines
18 KiB
C

/*
* Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
*
* Copyright (C) 2019, Sangoma Technologies Corporation
*
* Kevin Harwell <kharwell@digium.com>
*
* See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
* the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
* any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
* the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
* channels for your use.
*
* This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
* the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
* at the top of the source tree.
*/
#ifndef _STASIS_STATE_H
#define _STASIS_STATE_H
/*! \file
*
* \brief Stasis State API.
*
* \par Intro
*
* This module defines the data structures, and handling of "state" for topics within
* stasis. State is defined as the last stasis message, and its contained message data,
* published on a given topic.
*
* Concepts to know:
* - \ref stasis_state_manager
* - \ref stasis_state_subscriber
* - \ref stasis_state_publisher
* - \ref stasis_state_observer
*
* \par stasis_state_manager
*
* The manager stores and well, manages state data. Each state is an association of
* a unique stasis topic, and the last known published stasis message on that topic.
* There is only ever one managed state object per topic. For each topic all messages
* are forwarded to an "all" topic also maintained by the manager. This allows
* subscriptions to all managed topics, and their state. Managed state is created in
* one of several ways:
*
* Adding an explicit subscriber
* Adding an explicit publisher
* Adding an implicit publisher
* Retrieving a stasis state topic from the manager via the \ref stasis_state_topic
* function prior to doing one of the above (DO NOT DO THIS).
*
* More on the first three options later (see relevant section descriptions below). The
* last option, creation through retrieving a topic is not only NOT recommended, but
* should NOT even BE DONE. Doing so will inevitably result in a memory leak. Why then
* is this even allowed? The short answer is backwards compatibility. The slightly longer
* answer is at the time of this module's creation that's how things were historically
* done using a combination of stasis topic management spread throughout various other
* modules, and stasis caching. And yes it did cause a memory leak.
*
* Preferably, any new code wishing to track topics and states should do so by adding
* either an explicit subscriber and/or publisher.
*
* \par stasis_state_subscriber
*
* As mentioned, topic and state can be created, or referenced within the manager by adding
* a \ref stasis_state_subscriber. When adding a subscriber if no state currently exists
* new managed state is immediately created. If managed state already exists then a new
* subscriber is created referencing that state. The managed state is guaranteed to live
* throughout the subscriber's lifetime. State is only removed from the manager when no
* other entities require it (no more subscribers, or publishers).
*
* Subscribers are ao2 objects. Therefore there is no explicit cleanup required aside from
* dereferencing the subscriber object using normal ao2 dereferencing methods.
*
* \par stasis_state_publisher
*
* There are two ways of tracking publishers: explicitly and implicitly.
*
* Topic and state can be created, or referenced within the manager by also explicitly adding
* a \ref stasis_state_publisher. When adding a publisher if no state currently exists new
* managed state is created. If managed state already exists then a new publisher is created
* referencing that state. The managed state is guaranteed to live throughout the publisher's
* lifetime. State is only removed from the manager when no other entities require it (no more
* publishers, or subscribers).
*
* Explicit publishers are ao2 objects. Therefore there is no cleanup required aside from
* dereferencing the publisher object using normal ao2 dereferencing methods.
*
* When adding an explicit publisher, messages should be published using the \ref
* stasis_state_publish function. This not only skips a lookup, but doesn't add an implicit
* publisher. They are not necessarily mutually exclusive it's just that the two ways exist
* to solve two different problems.
*
* For example (using an explicit publisher):
*
* // Add an explicit publisher to topic/state "8675309" within
* // a given manager context
* pub = stasis_state_add_publisher(manager, "8675309");
*
* // Publish a stasis message to the topic/state
* stasis_state_publish(pub, msg);
*
* // Publish another a stasis message to the topic/state
* stasis_state_publish(pub, msg);
*
* // Done with the publisher release the reference
* ao2_ref(pub, -1);
*
* An implicit publisher can also be created by calling \ref stasis_state_publish_by_id. Calling
* this function not only publishes the message within stasis (creating managed state if needed)
* it also sets up internal tracking of the publishing module using an \ref ast_eid. However, a
* final call to \ref stasis_state_remove_publish_by_id must be done in order to remove the eid
* reference, which will subsequently allow the underlying managed state to be eventually deleted.
*
* For example (using an implicit publisher):
*
* // Publish a stasis message to topic/state 8675309 within a
* // given manager context and use the system's default eid
* stasis_state_publish_by_id(manager, "8675309", NULL, msg);
*
* // Do some stuff and then publish again
* stasis_state_publish_by_id(manager, "8675309", NULL, msg);
*
* // Done with all our publishing, so post a final clearing
* // message and remove the implicit publisher
* stasis_state_remove_publish_by_id(manager, "8675309", NULL, msg);
*
* Explicit publisher/publishing is preferred. However, implicit publishing is allowed for those
* situations where it makes more sense to do so, but has been implemented mostly for backwards
* compatibility with some modules (using implicit publishing required less initial code changes
* to some legacy subsystems).
*
* \par stasis_state_observer
*
* Some modules may wish to watch for, and react to managed state events. By registering a state
* observer, and implementing handlers for the desired callbacks those modules can do so.
*/
#include "asterisk/stasis.h"
struct ast_eid;
/*!
* \brief Manages a collection of stasis states.
*
* Maintains data related to stasis state. Managed state is an association of a unique stasis
* topic (named by a given unique id), and the last known published message.
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_manager;
/*!
* \brief Create a stasis state manager.
*
* \note The state manager is an ao2_object. When done simply decrement its reference
* for object cleanup.
*
* \param topic_name The name of the topic to create that all state topics
* get forwarded to
*
* \retval A stasis state manager
* \retval NULL if an error occurred
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_manager *stasis_state_manager_create(const char *topic_name);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the manager's topic (the topic that all state topics get forwarded to)
*
* \param manager The manager object
*
* \retval The manager's topic.
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_topic *stasis_state_all_topic(struct stasis_state_manager *manager);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve a managed topic creating one if not currently managed.
*
* WARNING This function should not be called before adding a publisher or subscriber or
* it will cause a memory leak within the stasis state manager. This function is here in
* order to allow for compatibility with how things used to work.
*
* Also much like the similar functionality from before it returns the stasis topic, but
* does not bump its reference.
*
* \param manager The manager object
* \param id The unique id of/for the topic
*
* \retval A managed stasis topic.
* \retval NULL if an error occurred
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_topic *stasis_state_topic(struct stasis_state_manager *manager, const char *id);
/*!
* \brief A stasis state subscriber
*
* A subscriber to a particular stasis state. As such it holds a reference to the
* underlying stasis state, so that managed state is guaranteed to exist for the
* lifetime of the subscriber.
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_subscriber;
/*!
* \brief Add a subscriber to the managed stasis state for the given id
*
* Adds a subscriber to a managed state based on id. If managed state does not already
* exists for the given id then new managed state is created. Otherwise the existing
* state is subscribed to.
*
* \param manager The manager object
* \param id The unique id of a managed state
*
* \retval A stasis state subscriber
* \retval NULL if an error occurred
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_subscriber *stasis_state_add_subscriber(
struct stasis_state_manager *manager, const char *id);
/*!
* \brief Add a subscriber, and subscribe to its underlying stasis topic.
*
* Adds a subscriber to a managed state based on id. If managed state does not already
* exists for the given id then new managed state is created. Otherwise the existing
* state is subscribed to. If the state is successfully subscribed to then a stasis
* subscription is subsequently created as well.
*
* \param manager The manager object
* \param id The unique id of a managed state
* \param callback The stasis subscription callback
* \param data A user data object passed to the stasis subscription
*
* \retval A stasis state subscriber
* \retval NULL if an error occurred
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_subscriber *stasis_state_subscribe_pool(struct stasis_state_manager *manager,
const char *id, stasis_subscription_cb callback, void *data);
/*!
* \brief Unsubscribe from the stasis topic and stasis state.
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval NULL
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void *stasis_state_unsubscribe(struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Unsubscribe from the stasis topic, block until the final message
* is received, and then unsubscribe from stasis state.
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval NULL
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void *stasis_state_unsubscribe_and_join(struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the underlying subscribed to state's unique id
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval The managed state's id
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
const char *stasis_state_subscriber_id(const struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the subscriber's topic
*
* \note Returned topic's reference count is NOT incremented. However, the topic is
* guaranteed to live for the lifetime of the subscriber.
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval The subscriber's topic
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_topic *stasis_state_subscriber_topic(struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the last known state stasis message payload for the subscriber
*
* If a stasis message has been published to this state, this function returns
* that message's payload object. If no stasis message has been published on the
* state, or the message's payload does not exist then NULL is returned.
*
* \note Returned data's reference count is incremented
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval The subscriber's state message data
* \retval NULL if no data has been published yet
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void *stasis_state_subscriber_data(struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the stasis topic subscription if available.
*
* \param sub A stasis state subscriber
*
* \retval The subscriber's stasis subscription
* \retval NULL if no subscription available
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_subscription *stasis_state_subscriber_subscription(
struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief A stasis state publisher
*
* A publisher to a particular stasis state and topic. As such it holds a reference to
* the underlying stasis state, so that managed state is guaranteed to exist for the
* lifetime of the publisher.
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_publisher;
/*!
* \brief Add a publisher to the managed state for the given id
*
* Adds a publisher to a managed state based on id. If managed state does not already
* exists for the given id then new managed state is created. Otherwise the existing
* state is used.
*
* \param manager The manager object
* \param id The unique id of a managed state
*
* \retval A stasis state publisher
* \retval NULL if an error occurred
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_state_publisher *stasis_state_add_publisher(
struct stasis_state_manager *manager, const char *id);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the publisher's underlying state's unique id
*
* \param pub A stasis state publisher
*
* \retval The managed state's id
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
const char *stasis_state_publisher_id(const struct stasis_state_publisher *pub);
/*!
* \brief Retrieve the publisher's topic
*
* \note Returned topic's reference count is NOT incremented. However, the topic is
* guaranteed to live for the lifetime of the publisher.
*
* \param pub A stasis state publisher
*
* \retval The publisher's topic
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
struct stasis_topic *stasis_state_publisher_topic(struct stasis_state_publisher *pub);
/*!
* \brief Publish to a managed state (topic) using a publisher.
*
* \param pub The publisher to use to publish the message
* \param msg The message to publish
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_publish(struct stasis_state_publisher *pub, struct stasis_message *msg);
/*!
* \brief Publish to a managed named by id topic, and add an implicit subscriber.
*
* \note It is recommended when adding new publisher functionality within a module
* to create and use an explicit publisher instead of using this method.
*
* This creates an implicit publisher keyed off the eid. This ability was mainly
* implemented in order to maintain compatibility with already established code.
* Allowing the creation of an implicit publisher made is so less changes were
* required when stasis state module was initially added.
*
* There should only ever be one publisher for a specifically named managed topic
* within the system. This being the case we can use the eid to implicitly track
* the publisher. However once publishing is no longer needed for a topic a call
* to stasis_state_remove_publish_by_id is required in order to remove the implicit
* publisher. Thus allowing for its eventual destruction. Without the call to remove
* a memory leak will occur.
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param id A state's unique id
* \param eid The unique system id
* \param msg The message to publish
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_publish_by_id(struct stasis_state_manager *manager, const char *id,
const struct ast_eid *eid, struct stasis_message *msg);
/*!
* \brief Publish to a managed named by id topic, and remove an implicit publisher.
*
* This function should be called after calling stasis_state_publish_by_id at least once
* for the same manager, id, and eid. If the given stasis message is NULL then the implicit
* publisher is removed, but no last message is published.
*
* See note and description on stasis_state_publish_by_id for more details about if, and
* when this function should be used.
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param id A state's unique id
* \param eid The unique system id
* \param msg The message to publish (can be NULL)
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_remove_publish_by_id(struct stasis_state_manager *manager,
const char *id, const struct ast_eid *eid, struct stasis_message *msg);
/*! \brief Managed stasis state event interface */
struct stasis_state_observer {
/*!
* \brief Raised when any managed state is being subscribed.
*
* \param id The unique id of the managed state
* \param sub The subscriber subscribed
*/
void (*on_subscribe)(const char *id, struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
/*!
* \brief Raised when any managed state is being unsubscribed.
*
* \param id The unique id of the managed state
* \param sub The subscriber to unsubscribe
*/
void (*on_unsubscribe)(const char *id, struct stasis_state_subscriber *sub);
};
/*!
* \brief Add an observer to receive managed state related events.
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param observer The observer handling events
*
* \retval 0 if successfully registered
* \retval -1 on failure
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
int stasis_state_add_observer(struct stasis_state_manager *manager,
struct stasis_state_observer *observer);
/*!
* \brief Remove an observer (will no longer receive managed state related events).
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param observer The observer being removed
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_remove_observer(struct stasis_state_manager *manager,
struct stasis_state_observer *observer);
/*!
* \brief The delegate called for each managed state.
*
* \param id The unique id of a managed state object
* \param msg The last published message on the state, or NULL
* \param user_data Data object the user passed into the manager callback
*
* \retval 0 to continue traversing
* \retval CMP_STOP (2) to stop traversing
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
typedef int (*on_stasis_state)(const char *id, struct stasis_message *msg, void *user_data);
/*!
* \brief For each managed state call the given handler.
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param handler The handler to call for each managed state
* \param data User to data to pass on to the handler
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_callback_all(struct stasis_state_manager *manager, on_stasis_state handler,
void *data);
/*!
* \brief For each managed, and explicitly subscribed state call the given handler.
*
* \param manager The state manager
* \param handler The handler to call for each managed state
* \param data User to data to pass on to the handler
*
* \since 13.28.0
* \since 16.5.0
*/
void stasis_state_callback_subscribed(struct stasis_state_manager *manager, on_stasis_state handler,
void *data);
#endif /* _STASIS_STATE_H */