622 lines
26 KiB
XML
622 lines
26 KiB
XML
<!DOCTYPE appendix PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<appendix id='ref-structure'>
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<title>Reference: Directory Structure</title>
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<para>
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Poky consists of several components.
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Understanding them and knowing where they are located is key to using Poky well.
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This appendix describes the Poky directory structure and gives information about the various
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files and directories.
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</para>
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<section id='structure-core'>
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<title>Top level core components</title>
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<section id='structure-core-bitbake'>
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<title><filename class="directory">bitbake/</filename></title>
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<para>
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Poky includes a copy of BitBake for ease of use.
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The copy usually matches the current stable BitBake release from the BitBake project.
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BitBake, a metadata interpreter, reads the Poky metadata and runs the tasks
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defined by that data.
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Failures are usually from the metadata and not
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from BitBake itself.
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Consequently, most users do not need to worry about BitBake.
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The <filename class="directory">bitbake/bin/</filename> directory is placed
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into the PATH environment variable by the
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<link linkend="structure-core-script">oe-init-build-env</link> script.
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</para>
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<para>
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For more information on BitBake, see the BitBake on-line manual at
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<ulink url="http://bitbake.berlios.de/manual/"/>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-core-build'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains user configuration files and the output
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generated by Poky in its standard configuration where the source tree is
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combined with the output.
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It is also possible to place output and configuration
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files in a directory separate from the Poky source.
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For information on separating output from the Poky source, see <link
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linkend='structure-core-script'>oe-init-build-env</link>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-core-meta'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains the core metadata, which is a key part of Poky.
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This directory contains the machine definitions, the Poky distribution,
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and the packages that make up a given system.
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</para>
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</section>
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<!-- <section id='structure-core-meta-extras'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta-extras/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory is similar to <filename class="directory">meta/</filename>.
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The directory contains extra metadata not included in standard Poky.
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This metadata is disabled by default and is not supported as part of Poky.
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</para>
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</section>
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-->
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<section id='structure-core-meta-demoapps'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta-demoapps/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains recipes for applications and demos that are not core.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-core-meta-rt'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta-rt/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains recipes for RealTime.
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</para>
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</section>
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<!-- <section id='structure-core-meta-***'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta-***/</filename></title>
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<para>
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These directories are optional layers that are added to core metadata.
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The layers are enabled by adding them to the <filename>conf/bblayers.conf</filename> file.
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</para>
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</section>
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-->
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<section id='structure-core-scripts'>
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<title><filename class="directory">scripts/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains various integration scripts that implement
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extra functionality in the Poky environment (e.g. QEMU scripts).
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The <link linkend="structure-core-script">oe-init-build-env</link> script appends this
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directory to the PATH environment variable.
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</para>
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</section>
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<!-- <section id='structure-core-sources'>
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<title><filename class="directory">sources/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory receives downloads as specified by the
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<glossterm><link linkend='var-DL_DIR'>DL_DIR</link></glossterm> variable.
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Even though the directory is not part of a checkout, Poky creates it during a build.
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You can use this directory to share downloading files between Poky builds.
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This practice can save you from downloading files multiple times.
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<note><para>
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You can override the location for this directory by setting
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the DL_DIR variable in <filename>local.conf</filename>.
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</para></note>
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</para>
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<para>
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This directory also contains SCM checkouts (e.g. <filename class="directory">sources/svn/
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</filename>, <filename class="directory">sources/cvs/</filename> or
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<filename class="directory">sources/git/</filename>).
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The <filename class="directory">sources</filename> directory can contain archives of
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checkouts for various revisions or dates.
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</para>
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<para>
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It's worth noting that BitBake creates <filename class="extension">.md5
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</filename> stamp files for downloads.
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BitBake uses these files to mark downloads as
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complete as well as for checksum and access accounting purposes.
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If you manually add a file to the directory, you need to touch the corresponding
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<filename class="extension">.md5</filename> file as well.
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</para>
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</section>
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-->
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<section id='handbook'>
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<title><filename class="directory">documentation</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory holds the source for the documentation. Each manual is contained in
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a sub-folder. For example, the files for this manual reside in
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<filename class="directory">poky-ref-manual</filename>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-core-script'>
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<title><filename>oe-init-build-env</filename></title>
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<para>
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This script sets up the Poky build environment.
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Sourcing this file in
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a shell makes changes to PATH and sets other core BitBake variables based on the
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current working directory.
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You need to run this script before running Poky commands.
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The script uses other scripts within the <filename class="directory">scripts/
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</filename> directory to do the bulk of the work.
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You can use this script to specify any directory for the build's output by doing the following:
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</para>
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ source POKY_SRC/oe-init-build-env [BUILDDIR]
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</literallayout>
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<para>
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You can enter the above command from any directory, as long as POKY_SRC points to
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the desired Poky source tree.
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The optional BUILDDIR can be any directory into which you would
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like Poky to generate the build output.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-basic-top-level'>
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<title><filename>LICENSE, README, and README.hardware</filename></title>
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<para>
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These files are standard top-level files.
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build'>
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<title>The Build Directory - <filename class="directory">build/</filename></title>
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<section id='structure-build-pseudodone'>
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<title><filename>build/pseudodone</filename></title>
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<para>
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This tag file indicates that the intitial pseudo binar was created.
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The first time BitBake is invoked this file is built.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-conf-local.conf'>
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<title><filename>build/conf/local.conf</filename></title>
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<para>
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This file contains all the local user configuration of Poky.
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If there is no <filename>local.conf</filename> present, it is created from
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<filename>local.conf.sample</filename>.
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The <filename>local.conf</filename> file contains documentation on the various configuration options.
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Any variable set here overrides any variable set elsewhere within Poky unless
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that variable is hard-coded within Poky (e.g. by using '=' instead of '?=').
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Some variables are hard-coded for various reasons but these variables are
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relatively rare.
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</para>
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<para>
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Edit this file to set the <glossterm><link linkend='var-MACHINE'>MACHINE</link></glossterm>
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for which you want to build, which package types you
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wish to use (PACKAGE_CLASSES) or where you want to downloaded files
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(<glossterm><link linkend='var-DL_DIR'>DL_DIR</link></glossterm>).
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-conf-bblayers.conf'>
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<title><filename>build/conf/bblayers.conf</filename></title>
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<para>
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This file defines layers, which is a directory tree, traversed (or walked) by BitBake.
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If <filename>bblayers.conf</filename>
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is not present, it is created from <filename>bblayers.conf.sample</filename> when the environment
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setup script is sourced.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-conf-sanity_info'>
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<title><filename>build/conf/sanity_info</filename></title>
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<para>
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This file is created during the build to indicate the state of the sanity checks.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-downloads'>
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<title><filename>build/downloads/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory is used for the upstream source tarballs.
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The directory can be reused by multiple builds or moved to another location.
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You can control the location of this directory through the
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<glossterm><link linkend='var-DL_DIR'>DL_DIR</link></glossterm> variable.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-sstate-cache'>
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<title><filename>build/sstate-cache/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory is used for the shared state cache.
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The directory can be reused by multiple builds or moved to another location.
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You can control the location of this directory through the
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<glossterm><link linkend='var-SSTATE_DIR'>SSTATE_DIR</link></glossterm> variable.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory receives all the Poky output.
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BitBake creates this directory if it does not exist.
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To clean Poky and start a build from scratch (other than downloads),
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you can remove everything in this directory or get rid of the directory completely.
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The <filename class="directory">tmp/</filename> directory has some important
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sub-components detailed below.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-buildstats'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/buildstats/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory stores the build statistics.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-cache'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/cache/</filename></title>
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<para>
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When BitBake parses the metadata it creates a cache file of the result that can
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be used when subsequently running commands.
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These results are stored here on a per-machine basis.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-deploy'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/deploy/</filename></title>
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<para>This directory contains any 'end result' output from Poky.</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-deploy-deb'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/deploy/deb/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory receives any <filename>.deb</filename> packages produced by Poky.
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The packages are sorted into feeds for different architecture types.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-deploy-rpm'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/deploy/rpm/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory receives any <filename>.rpm</filename> packages produced by Poky.
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The packages re sorted into feeds for different architecture types.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-deploy-images'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/deploy/images/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory receives complete filesystem images.
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If you want to flash the resulting image from a build onto a device, look here for the image.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-deploy-ipk'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/deploy/ipk/</filename></title>
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<para>This directory receives <filename>.ipk</filename> packages produced by Poky.</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-sysroots'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/sysroots/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains shared header files and libraries as well as other shared
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data.
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Packages that need to share output with other packages do so within this directory.
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The directory is subdivided by architecture so multiple builds can run within
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the one build directory.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-stamps'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/stamps/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory holds information that that BitBake uses for accounting purposes
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to track what tasks have run and when they have run.
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The directory is sub-divided by architecture.
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The files in the directory are empty of data.
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However, BitBake uses the filenames and timestamps for tracking purposes.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-log'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/log/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains general logs that are not otherwise placed using the
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package's <glossterm><link linkend='var-WORKDIR'>WORKDIR</link></glossterm>.
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Examples of logs are the output from the "check_pkg" or "distro_check" tasks.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-pkgdata'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/pkgdata/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains intermediate packaging data that is used later in the packaging process.
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For more information, see <link linkend='ref-classes-package'>package.bbclass</link>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-pstagelogs'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/pstagelogs/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains manifest for task-based pre-built.
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Each manifest is basically a file list for installed files from a given task.
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Manifests are useful for later packaging or cleanup processes.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-build-tmp-work'>
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<title><filename class="directory">build/tmp/work/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains architecture-specific work sub-directories for packages built by BitBake.
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All tasks execute from a work directory.
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For example, the source for a particular package is unpacked, patched, configured and compiled all
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within its own work directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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It is worth considering the structure of a typical work directory.
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As an example consider the linux-rp kernel, version 2.6.20 r7 on the machine spitz
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built within Poky.
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For this package a work directory of
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<filename class="directory">tmp/work/spitz-poky-linux-gnueabi/linux-rp-2.6.20-r7/</filename>,
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referred to as <glossterm><link linkend='var-WORKDIR'>WORKDIR</link></glossterm>, is created.
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Within this directory, the source is unpacked to linux-2.6.20 and then patched by quilt
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(see <link linkend="usingpoky-modifying-packages-quilt">Section 3.5.1</link>).
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Within the <filename class="directory">linux-2.6.20</filename> directory,
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standard quilt directories <filename class="directory">linux-2.6.20/patches</filename>
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and <filename class="directory">linux-2.6.20/.pc</filename> are created,
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and standard quilt commands can be used.
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</para>
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<para>
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There are other directories generated within WORKDIR.
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The most important directory is WORKDIR
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<filename class="directory">/temp/</filename>, which has log files for each
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task (<filename>log.do_*.pid</filename>) and contains the scripts BitBake runs for
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each task (<filename>run.do_*.pid</filename>).
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The WORKDIR<filename class="directory">/image/</filename> directory is where "make
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install" places its output that is then split into sub-packages
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within WORKDIR<filename class="directory">/packages-split/</filename>.
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-meta'>
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<title>The Metadata - <filename class="directory">meta/</filename></title>
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<para>
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As mentioned previously, metadata is the core of Poky.
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Metadata has several important subdivisions:
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</para>
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<section id='structure-meta-classes'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta/classes/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains the <filename class="extension">*.bbclass</filename> files.
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Class files are used to abstract common code so it can be reused by multiple
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packages.
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Every package inherits the <filename>base.bbclass</filename> file.
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Examples of other important classes are <filename>autotools.bbclass</filename>, which
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in theory allows any Autotool-enabled package to work with Poky with minimal effort.
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Another example is <filename>kernel.bbclass</filename> that contains common code and functions
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for working with the Linux kernel.
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Functions like image generation or packaging also have their specific class files
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such as <filename>image.bbclass</filename>, <filename>rootfs_*.bbclass</filename> and
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<filename>package*.bbclass</filename>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-meta-conf'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta/conf/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains the core set of configuration files that start from
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<filename>bitbake.conf</filename> and from which all other configuration
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files are included.
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See the includes at the end of the file and you will note that even
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<filename>local.conf</filename> is loaded from there!
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While <filename>bitbake.conf</filename> sets up the defaults, you can often override
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these by using the (<filename>local.conf</filename>) file, machine file or
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the distribution configuration file.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-meta-conf-machine'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta/conf/machine/</filename></title>
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<para>
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This directory contains all the machine configuration files.
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If you set MACHINE="spitz", Poky looks for a <filename>spitz.conf</filename> file in this
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directory.
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The includes directory contains various data common to multiple machines.
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If you want to add support for a new machine to Poky, look in this directory.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-meta-conf-distro'>
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<title><filename class="directory">meta/conf/distro/</filename></title>
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<para>
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Any distribution-specific configuration is controlled from this directory.
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Poky only contains the Poky distribution so <filename>poky.conf</filename>
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is the main file here.
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This directory includes the versions and SRCDATES for applications that are configured here.
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An example of an alternative configuration is <filename>poky-bleeding.conf</filename>
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although this file mainly inherits its configuration from Poky itself.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='structure-meta-recipes-bsp'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-bsp/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains anything linking to specific hardware or hardware configuration information
|
|
such as "uboot" and "grub".
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-connectivity'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-connectivity/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains libraries and applications related to communication with other devices.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-core'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-core/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains what is needed to build a basic working Linux image
|
|
including commonly used dependencies.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-devtools'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-devtools/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains tools that are primarily used by the build system.
|
|
The tools, however, can also be used on targets.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-extended'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-extended/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains non-essential applications that add features compared to the
|
|
alternatives in core.
|
|
You might need this directory for full tool functionality or for Linux Standard Base (LSB)
|
|
compliance.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-gnome'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-gnome/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains all things related to the GTK+ application framework.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-graphics'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-graphics/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains X and other graphically related system libraries
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-kernel'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-kernel/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains the kernel and generic applications and libraries that
|
|
have strong kernel dependencies.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-multimedia'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-multimedia/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains codecs and support utilities for audio, images and video.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-qt'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-qt/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains all things related to the QT application framework.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-sato'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-sato/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains the Sato demo/reference UI/UX and its associated applications
|
|
and configuration data.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-support'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes-support/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains recipes that used by other recipes, but that are not directly
|
|
included in images (i.e. depenendies of other recipes).
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-site'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/site/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This directory contains a list of cached results for various architectures.
|
|
Because certain "autoconf" test results cannot be determined when cross-compiling due to
|
|
the tests not able to run on a live system, the information in this directory is
|
|
passed to "autoconf" for the various architectures.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='structure-meta-recipes-txt'>
|
|
<title><filename class="directory">meta/recipes.txt/</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This file is a description of the contents of <filename>recipes-*</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</appendix>
|
|
<!--
|
|
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|
|
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