diff --git a/addons/account/account.py b/addons/account/account.py
index 6c394611e6c..329ae2579e2 100644
--- a/addons/account/account.py
+++ b/addons/account/account.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from osv import fields, osv
 import decimal_precision as dp
 from tools.translate import _
 
-def check_cycle(self, cr, uid, ids):
+def check_cycle(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
     """ climbs the ``self._table.parent_id`` chains for 100 levels or
     until it can't find any more parent(s)
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class account_account(osv.osv):
                 if not args[pos][2]:
                     del args[pos]
                     continue
-                jour = self.pool.get('account.journal').browse(cr, uid, args[pos][2])
+                jour = self.pool.get('account.journal').browse(cr, uid, args[pos][2], context=context)
                 if (not (jour.account_control_ids or jour.type_control_ids)) or not args[pos][2]:
                     args[pos] = ('type','not in',('consolidation','view'))
                     continue
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class account_account(osv.osv):
         if context and context.has_key('consolidate_childs'): #add consolidated childs of accounts
             ids = super(account_account, self).search(cr, uid, args, offset, limit,
                 order, context=context, count=count)
-            for consolidate_child in self.browse(cr, uid, context['account_id']).child_consol_ids:
+            for consolidate_child in self.browse(cr, uid, context['account_id'], context=context).child_consol_ids:
                 ids.append(consolidate_child.id)
             return ids
 
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ class account_journal(osv.osv):
 
         @return: Returns a list of tupples containing id, name
         """
-        result = self.browse(cr, user, ids, context)
+        result = self.browse(cr, user, ids, context=context)
         res = []
         for rs in result:
             name = rs.name
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ class account_journal(osv.osv):
             view_id = 'account_journal_bank_view_multi'
 
         data_id = obj_data.search(cr, uid, [('model','=','account.journal.view'), ('name','=',view_id)])
-        data = obj_data.browse(cr, uid, data_id[0])
+        data = obj_data.browse(cr, uid, data_id[0], context=context)
 
         res.update({
             'centralisation':type == 'situation',
@@ -2059,7 +2059,7 @@ class account_model(osv.osv):
             raise osv.except_osv(_('No period found !'), _('Unable to find a valid period !'))
         period_id = period_id[0]
 
-        for model in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context):
+        for model in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             entry['name'] = model.name%{'year':time.strftime('%Y'), 'month':time.strftime('%m'), 'date':time.strftime('%Y-%m')}
             move_id = account_move_obj.create(cr, uid, {
                 'ref': entry['name'],
@@ -2721,7 +2721,7 @@ class wizard_multi_charts_accounts(osv.osv_memory):
         # Creating Journals Sales and Purchase
         vals_journal={}
         data_id = obj_data.search(cr, uid, [('model','=','account.journal.view'), ('name','=','account_sp_journal_view')])
-        data = obj_data.browse(cr, uid, data_id[0])
+        data = obj_data.browse(cr, uid, data_id[0], context=context)
         view_id = data.res_id
 
         seq_id = obj_sequence.search(cr, uid, [('name','=','Account Journal')])[0]
diff --git a/addons/account/account_bank_statement.py b/addons/account/account_bank_statement.py
index 4dcdcffec2b..ab2f72e92dd 100644
--- a/addons/account/account_bank_statement.py
+++ b/addons/account/account_bank_statement.py
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ class account_bank_statement(osv.osv):
         return {'value': {'balance_start': balance_start, 'account_id': account_id}}
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        stat = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'])
+        stat = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'], context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
         for t in stat:
             if t['state'] in ('draft'):
diff --git a/addons/account/account_cash_statement.py b/addons/account/account_cash_statement.py
index a49349800b4..86b00ad98b3 100644
--- a/addons/account/account_cash_statement.py
+++ b/addons/account/account_cash_statement.py
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
         @return: True on success, False otherwise
         """
 
-        super(account_cash_statement, self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals)
+        super(account_cash_statement, self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context=context)
         res = self._get_starting_balance(cr, uid, ids)
         for rs in res:
             super(account_cash_statement, self).write(cr, uid, [rs], res.get(rs))
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
                 'state': 'open',
 
             })
-            self.write(cr, uid, [statement.id], vals)
+            self.write(cr, uid, [statement.id], vals, context=context)
         return True
 
     def balance_check(self, cr, uid, cash_id, journal_type='bank', context=None):
diff --git a/addons/account/account_move_line.py b/addons/account/account_move_line.py
index 3837d6a2b61..02c5abcb130 100644
--- a/addons/account/account_move_line.py
+++ b/addons/account/account_move_line.py
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
         if (not currency_id) or (not account_id):
             return {}
         result = {}
-        acc = account_obj.browse(cr, uid, account_id)
+        acc = account_obj.browse(cr, uid, account_id, context=context)
         if (amount>0) and journal:
             x = journal_obj.browse(cr, uid, journal).default_credit_account_id
             if x: acc = x
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
                 raise osv.except_osv(_('Warning !'), _('To reconcile the entries company should be the same for all entries'))
             company_list.append(line.company_id.id)
 
-        for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context):
+        for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if line.reconcile_id:
                 raise osv.except_osv(_('Warning'), _('Already Reconciled!'))
             if line.reconcile_partial_id:
@@ -814,8 +814,10 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
                 partner_obj.write(cr, uid, [partner_id], {'last_reconciliation_date': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')})
         return r_id
 
-    def view_header_get(self, cr, user, view_id, view_type, context):
-        context = self.convert_to_period(cr, user, context)
+    def view_header_get(self, cr, user, view_id, view_type, context=None):
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
+        context = self.convert_to_period(cr, user, context=context)
         if context.get('account_id', False):
             cr.execute('SELECT code FROM account_account WHERE id = %s', (context['account_id'], ))
             res = cr.fetchone()
diff --git a/addons/account/installer.py b/addons/account/installer.py
index b1be04f7c70..9dce3186393 100644
--- a/addons/account/installer.py
+++ b/addons/account/installer.py
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class account_installer(osv.osv_memory):
         ids = modules.search(cr, uid, [('category_id', '=', 'Account Charts')], context=context)
         charts = list(
             sorted(((m.name, m.shortdesc)
-                    for m in modules.browse(cr, uid, ids)),
+                    for m in modules.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)),
                    key=itemgetter(1)))
         charts.insert(0, ('configurable', 'Generic Chart Of Account'))
         return charts
diff --git a/addons/account/invoice.py b/addons/account/invoice.py
index 93e54df2a32..57178c03c72 100644
--- a/addons/account/invoice.py
+++ b/addons/account/invoice.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class account_invoice(osv.osv):
         return res and res[0] or False
 
     def _get_currency(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        user = pooler.get_pool(cr.dbname).get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, [uid])[0]
+        user = pooler.get_pool(cr.dbname).get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, [uid], context=context)[0]
         if user.company_id:
             return user.company_id.currency_id.id
         return pooler.get_pool(cr.dbname).get('res.currency').search(cr, uid, [('rate','=', 1.0)])[0]
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ class account_invoice(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        invoices = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'])
+        invoices = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'], context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
         for t in invoices:
             if t['state'] in ('draft', 'cancel'):
diff --git a/addons/account/partner.py b/addons/account/partner.py
index 5789e7669fd..c710e8949c4 100644
--- a/addons/account/partner.py
+++ b/addons/account/partner.py
@@ -134,10 +134,10 @@ class res_partner(osv.osv):
             return [('id','=','0')]
         return [('id','in',map(itemgetter(0), res))]
 
-    def _credit_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, context):
+    def _credit_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, context=None):
         return self._asset_difference_search(cr, uid, obj, name, 'receivable', args, context=context)
 
-    def _debit_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, context):
+    def _debit_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, context=None):
         return self._asset_difference_search(cr, uid, obj, name, 'payable', args, context=context)
 
     _columns = {
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_change_currency.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_change_currency.py
index b6dccb6e5b1..47f9ac9c2c8 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_change_currency.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_change_currency.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class account_change_currency(osv.osv_memory):
         invoice = obj_inv.browse(cr, uid, context['active_id'], context=context)
         if invoice.currency_id.id == new_currency:
             return {}
-        rate = obj_currency.browse(cr, uid, new_currency).rate
+        rate = obj_currency.browse(cr, uid, new_currency, context=context).rate
         for line in invoice.invoice_line:
             new_price = 0
             if invoice.company_id.currency_id.id == invoice.currency_id.id:
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_invoice_refund.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_invoice_refund.py
index 0ad0cf61999..672e2a28fba 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_invoice_refund.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_invoice_refund.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class account_invoice_refund(osv.osv_memory):
             date = False
             period = False
             description = False
-            company = res_users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid).company_id
+            company = res_users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id
             journal_id = form.get('journal_id', False)
             for inv in inv_obj.browse(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids'), context=context):
                 if inv.state in ['draft', 'proforma2', 'cancel']:
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_journal.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_journal.py
index 4f68699a841..c7adb387724 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_journal.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_journal.py
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ class account_move_journal(osv.osv_memory):
         """
         Return  default account period value
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         account_period_obj = self.pool.get('account.period')
         ids = account_period_obj.find(cr, uid, context=context)
         period_id = False
@@ -48,8 +46,6 @@ class account_move_journal(osv.osv_memory):
         """
 
         journal_id = False
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         journal_pool = self.pool.get('account.journal')
         if context.get('journal_type', False):
@@ -142,8 +138,8 @@ class account_move_journal(osv.osv_memory):
             ids = period_pool.search(cr, uid, [('journal_id', '=', journal_id), ('period_id', '=', period_id)], context=context)
 
             if not ids:
-                journal = journal_pool.browse(cr, uid, journal_id)
-                period = account_period_obj.browse(cr, uid, period_id)
+                journal = journal_pool.browse(cr, uid, journal_id, context=context)
+                period = account_period_obj.browse(cr, uid, period_id, context=context)
 
                 name = journal.name
                 state = period.state
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_reconcile_select.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_reconcile_select.py
index d7cfbdb7990..8e57c57884d 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_reconcile_select.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_reconcile_select.py
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class account_move_line_reconcile_select(osv.osv_memory):
         @return: dictionary of  Open  account move line window for reconcile on given account id
 
          """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         return {
             'domain': "[('account_id','=',%d),('reconcile_id','=',False),('state','<>','draft')]" % data['account_id'],
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_select.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_select.py
index 7ece00ca8b5..12ab0236759 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_select.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_select.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class account_move_line_select(osv.osv_memory):
         else:
             fiscalyear_ids = [context['fiscalyear']]
 
-        fiscalyears = fiscalyear_obj.browse(cr, uid, fiscalyear_ids)
+        fiscalyears = fiscalyear_obj.browse(cr, uid, fiscalyear_ids, context=context)
 
         period_ids = []
         if fiscalyears:
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_unreconcile_select.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_unreconcile_select.py
index 62f6dd24810..ad59493503d 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_unreconcile_select.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_move_line_unreconcile_select.py
@@ -28,8 +28,6 @@ class account_move_line_unreconcile_select(osv.osv_memory):
        'account_id': fields.many2one('account.account','Account',required=True),
     }
     def action_open_window(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         return {
                 'domain': "[('account_id','=',%d),('reconcile_id','<>',False),('state','<>','draft')]" % data['account_id'],
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_open_closed_fiscalyear.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_open_closed_fiscalyear.py
index 1f780ae0132..582bbc36619 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_open_closed_fiscalyear.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_open_closed_fiscalyear.py
@@ -31,12 +31,10 @@ class account_open_closed_fiscalyear(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def remove_entries(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         fy_obj = self.pool.get('account.fiscalyear')
         move_obj = self.pool.get('account.move')
 
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         data_fyear = fy_obj.browse(cr, uid, data['fyear_id'], context=context)
         if not data_fyear.end_journal_period_id:
             raise osv.except_osv(_('Error'), _('No journal for ending writing has been defined for the fiscal year'))
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_reconcile_partner_process.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_reconcile_partner_process.py
index e65ed778ef4..9f91d1ec2d2 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_reconcile_partner_process.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_reconcile_partner_process.py
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ class account_partner_reconcile_process(osv.osv_memory):
         return res
 
     def next_partner(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         move_line_obj = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         res_partner_obj = self.pool.get('res.partner')
 
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_balance_sheet.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_balance_sheet.py
index 0d64a753f55..6ce36242f47 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_balance_sheet.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_balance_sheet.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class account_bs_report(osv.osv_memory):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
         data = self.pre_print_report(cr, uid, ids, data, context=context)
-        account = self.pool.get('account.account').browse(cr, uid, data['form']['chart_account_id'])
+        account = self.pool.get('account.account').browse(cr, uid, data['form']['chart_account_id'], context=context)
         if not account.company_id.property_reserve_and_surplus_account:
             raise osv.except_osv(_('Warning'),_('Please define the Reserve and Profit/Loss account for current user company !'))
         data['form']['reserve_account_id'] = account.company_id.property_reserve_and_surplus_account.id
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_account.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_account.py
index 4ed71ec9389..7205a9e53bf 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_account.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_account.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class account_common_account_report(osv.osv_memory):
     def pre_print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, data, context=None):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['display_account'])[0])
+        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['display_account'], context=context)[0])
         return data
 
 account_common_account_report()
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_journal.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_journal.py
index 9ec12b16177..8e9db058d31 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_journal.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_journal.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class account_common_journal_report(osv.osv_memory):
     def pre_print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, data, context=None):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['amount_currency'])[0])
+        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['amount_currency'], context=context)[0])
         fy_ids = data['form']['fiscalyear_id'] and [data['form']['fiscalyear_id']] or self.pool.get('account.fiscalyear').search(cr, uid, [('state', '=', 'draft')], context=context)
         period_list = data['form']['periods'] or self.pool.get('account.period').search(cr, uid, [('fiscalyear_id', 'in', fy_ids)], context=context)
         data['form']['active_ids'] = self.pool.get('account.journal.period').search(cr, uid, [('journal_id', 'in', data['form']['journal_ids']), ('period_id', 'in', period_list)], context=context)
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_partner.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_partner.py
index 3fafb400bb1..05003041eeb 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_partner.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_common_partner.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class account_common_partner_report(osv.osv_memory):
     def pre_print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, data, context=None):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['result_selection'])[0])
+        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['result_selection'], context=context)[0])
         return data
 
 account_common_partner_report()
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_print_journal.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_print_journal.py
index 6256cca8ab6..b1ca30dc560 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_report_print_journal.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_report_print_journal.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class account_print_journal(osv.osv_memory):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
         data = self.pre_print_report(cr, uid, ids, data, context=context)
-        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['sort_selection'])[0])
+        data['form'].update(self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['sort_selection'], context=context)[0])
         return {'type': 'ir.actions.report.xml', 'report_name': 'account.journal.period.print', 'datas': data}
 
 account_print_journal()
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_subscription_generate.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_subscription_generate.py
index aabb980a91c..4c99539301b 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_subscription_generate.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_subscription_generate.py
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ class account_subscription_generate(osv.osv_memory):
         'date': lambda *a: time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
     }
     def action_generate(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         mod_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         act_obj = self.pool.get('ir.actions.act_window')
         moves_created=[]
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_unreconcile.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_unreconcile.py
index 88b58b68a1e..3a067b4a598 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_unreconcile.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_unreconcile.py
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ class account_unreconcile_reconcile(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def trans_unrec_reconcile(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         obj_move_reconcile = self.pool.get('account.move.reconcile')
-        rec_ids = context['active_ids']
         if context is None:
             context = {}
+        rec_ids = context['active_ids']
         if rec_ids:
-            obj_move_reconcile.unlink(cr, uid, rec_ids)
+            obj_move_reconcile.unlink(cr, uid, rec_ids, context=context)
         return {}
 
 account_unreconcile_reconcile()
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_use_model.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_use_model.py
index 51bd3a96083..15719dcf138 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_use_model.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_use_model.py
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ class account_use_model(osv.osv_memory):
         data =  self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         record_id = context and context.get('model_line', False) or False
         if record_id:
-            data_model = account_model_obj.browse(cr, uid, data['model'])
+            data_model = account_model_obj.browse(cr, uid, data['model'], context=context)
         else:
-            data_model = account_model_obj.browse(cr, uid, context['active_ids'])
+            data_model = account_model_obj.browse(cr, uid, context['active_ids'], context=context)
         for model in data_model:
             entry['name'] = model.name%{'year':time.strftime('%Y'), 'month':time.strftime('%m'), 'date':time.strftime('%d')}
             period_id = account_period_obj.find(cr, uid, context=context)
diff --git a/addons/account/wizard/account_validate_account_move.py b/addons/account/wizard/account_validate_account_move.py
index 0f963b44fa6..f840d2b5532 100644
--- a/addons/account/wizard/account_validate_account_move.py
+++ b/addons/account/wizard/account_validate_account_move.py
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ class validate_account_move(osv.osv_memory):
         obj_move = self.pool.get('account.move')
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         ids_move = obj_move.search(cr, uid, [('state','=','draft'),('journal_id','=',data['journal_id']),('period_id','=',data['period_id'])])
         if not ids_move:
             raise osv.except_osv(_('Warning'), _('Specified Journal does not have any account move entries in draft state for this period'))
-        obj_move.button_validate(cr, uid, ids_move, context)
+        obj_move.button_validate(cr, uid, ids_move, context=context)
         return {}
 
 validate_account_move()
diff --git a/addons/account_analytic_analysis/account_analytic_analysis.py b/addons/account_analytic_analysis/account_analytic_analysis.py
index d4ee5428bb9..9c8d657d537 100644
--- a/addons/account_analytic_analysis/account_analytic_analysis.py
+++ b/addons/account_analytic_analysis/account_analytic_analysis.py
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
     def _analysis_all(self, cr, uid, ids, fields, arg, context=None):
         dp = 2
         res = dict([(i, {}) for i in ids])
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         parent_ids = tuple(self.search(cr, uid, [('parent_id', 'child_of', ids)], context=context))
         accounts = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
@@ -253,8 +251,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
     def _ca_invoiced_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
         res_final = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         child_ids = tuple(self.search(cr, uid, [('parent_id', 'child_of', ids)], context=context))
         for i in child_ids:
             res[i] =  {}
@@ -281,8 +277,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
     def _total_cost_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
         res_final = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         child_ids = tuple(self.search(cr, uid, [('parent_id', 'child_of', ids)], context=context))
 
         for i in child_ids:
@@ -309,8 +303,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _remaining_hours_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if account.quantity_max != 0:
                 res[account.id] = account.quantity_max - account.hours_quantity
@@ -322,8 +314,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _hours_qtt_invoiced_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[account.id] = account.hours_quantity - account.hours_qtt_non_invoiced
             if res[account.id] < 0:
@@ -334,8 +324,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _revenue_per_hour_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if account.hours_qtt_invoiced == 0:
                 res[account.id]=0.0
@@ -347,8 +335,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _real_margin_rate_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if account.ca_invoiced == 0:
                 res[account.id]=0.0
@@ -362,8 +348,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _remaining_ca_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if account.amount_max != 0:
                 res[account.id] = account.amount_max - account.ca_invoiced
@@ -375,8 +359,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _real_margin_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[account.id] = account.ca_invoiced + account.total_cost
         for id in ids:
@@ -385,8 +367,6 @@ class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
 
     def _theorical_margin_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for account in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[account.id] = account.ca_theorical + account.total_cost
         for id in ids:
@@ -450,8 +430,6 @@ class account_analytic_account_summary_user(osv.osv):
 
     def _unit_amount(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         account_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.account')
         cr.execute('SELECT MAX(id) FROM res_users')
         max_user = cr.fetchone()[0]
@@ -618,8 +596,6 @@ class account_analytic_account_summary_month(osv.osv):
 
     def _unit_amount(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         account_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.account')
         account_ids = [int(str(int(x))[:-6]) for x in ids]
         month_ids = [int(str(int(x))[-6:]) for x in ids]
diff --git a/addons/account_analytic_default/account_analytic_default.py b/addons/account_analytic_default/account_analytic_default.py
index 7c3117ce59f..b41c9b9e5d2 100644
--- a/addons/account_analytic_default/account_analytic_default.py
+++ b/addons/account_analytic_default/account_analytic_default.py
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@ class account_analytic_default(osv.osv):
 
     def account_get(self, cr, uid, product_id=None, partner_id=None, user_id=None, date=None, context=None):
         domain = []
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if product_id:
             domain += ['|', ('product_id', '=', product_id)]
         domain += [('product_id','=', False)]
@@ -106,8 +104,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
 
     # Method overridden to set the analytic account by default on criterion match
     def invoice_line_create(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         create_ids = super(sale_order_line, self).invoice_line_create(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         if not ids:
             return create_ids
diff --git a/addons/account_analytic_plans/account_analytic_plans.py b/addons/account_analytic_plans/account_analytic_plans.py
index edb675862ca..6d8a06755d6 100644
--- a/addons/account_analytic_plans/account_analytic_plans.py
+++ b/addons/account_analytic_plans/account_analytic_plans.py
@@ -355,8 +355,6 @@ class account_invoice(osv.osv):
     _inherit = "account.invoice"
 
     def line_get_convert(self, cr, uid, x, part, date, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res=super(account_invoice,self).line_get_convert(cr, uid, x, part, date, context=context)
         res['analytics_id'] = x.get('analytics_id', False)
         return res
@@ -425,8 +423,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
 
     # Method overridden to set the analytic account by default on criterion match
     def invoice_line_create(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         create_ids = super(sale_order_line,self).invoice_line_create(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         inv_line_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice.line')
         acct_anal_def_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.default')
@@ -447,8 +443,6 @@ class account_bank_statement(osv.osv):
     _name = "account.bank.statement"
     
     def create_move_from_st_line(self, cr, uid, st_line_id, company_currency_id, st_line_number, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         account_move_line_pool = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         account_bank_statement_line_pool = self.pool.get('account.bank.statement.line')
         st_line = account_bank_statement_line_pool.browse(cr, uid, st_line_id, context=context)
@@ -460,10 +454,8 @@ class account_bank_statement(osv.osv):
         return result
 
     def button_confirm_bank(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         super(account_bank_statement,self).button_confirm_bank(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
-        for st in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context):
+        for st in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             for st_line in st.line_ids:
                 if st_line.analytics_id:
                     if not st.journal_id.analytic_journal_id:
diff --git a/addons/account_analytic_plans/wizard/analytic_plan_create_model.py b/addons/account_analytic_plans/wizard/analytic_plan_create_model.py
index 777421798cd..0581197aaca 100644
--- a/addons/account_analytic_plans/wizard/analytic_plan_create_model.py
+++ b/addons/account_analytic_plans/wizard/analytic_plan_create_model.py
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ class analytic_plan_create_model(osv.osv_memory):
         plan_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.plan.instance')
         mod_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         anlytic_plan_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.plan')
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         if 'active_id' in context and context['active_id']:
             plan = plan_obj.browse(cr, uid, context['active_id'], context=context)
             if (not plan.name) or (not plan.code):
diff --git a/addons/account_anglo_saxon/invoice.py b/addons/account_anglo_saxon/invoice.py
index eea19354630..a0aab8298dc 100644
--- a/addons/account_anglo_saxon/invoice.py
+++ b/addons/account_anglo_saxon/invoice.py
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ class account_invoice_line(osv.osv):
     _inherit = "account.invoice.line"
     
     def move_line_get(self, cr, uid, invoice_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(account_invoice_line,self).move_line_get(cr, uid, invoice_id, context=context)
         inv = self.pool.get('account.invoice').browse(cr, uid, invoice_id, context=context)
         if inv.type in ('out_invoice','out_refund'):
@@ -130,8 +128,6 @@ class account_invoice_line(osv.osv):
         return res   
     
     def product_id_change(self, cr, uid, ids, product, uom, qty=0, name='', type='out_invoice', partner_id=False, fposition_id=False, price_unit=False, address_invoice_id=False, currency_id=False, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not product:
             return super(account_invoice_line, self).product_id_change(cr, uid, ids, product, uom, qty, name, type, partner_id, fposition_id, price_unit, address_invoice_id, currency_id, context)
         else:
diff --git a/addons/account_anglo_saxon/stock.py b/addons/account_anglo_saxon/stock.py
index ad7bba3103e..a544b9a6e2a 100644
--- a/addons/account_anglo_saxon/stock.py
+++ b/addons/account_anglo_saxon/stock.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ class stock_picking(osv.osv):
     def action_invoice_create(self, cr, uid, ids, journal_id=False,
             group=False, type='out_invoice', context=None):
         '''Return ids of created invoices for the pickings'''
-        if context is None: context = {}
         res = super(stock_picking,self).action_invoice_create(cr, uid, ids, journal_id, group, type, context=context)
         if type == 'in_refund':
             for inv in self.pool.get('account.invoice').browse(cr, uid, res.values(), context=context):
diff --git a/addons/account_budget/account_budget.py b/addons/account_budget/account_budget.py
index 590b431a63f..f6e7c7e3990 100644
--- a/addons/account_budget/account_budget.py
+++ b/addons/account_budget/account_budget.py
@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@ class crossovered_budget_lines(osv.osv):
     def _prac_amt(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         res = {}
         result = 0.0
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             acc_ids = [x.id for x in line.general_budget_id.account_ids]
             if not acc_ids:
@@ -134,14 +135,14 @@ class crossovered_budget_lines(osv.osv):
 
     def _prac(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         res={}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[line.id] = self._prac_amt(cr, uid, [line.id], context=context)[line.id]
         return res
 
     def _theo_amt(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             today = datetime.datetime.today()
             date_to = today.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
@@ -172,7 +173,6 @@ class crossovered_budget_lines(osv.osv):
 
     def _theo(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[line.id] = self._theo_amt(cr, uid, [line.id], context=context)[line.id]
         return res
diff --git a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_analytic.py b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_analytic.py
index ef970c92904..b2a33434016 100644
--- a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_analytic.py
+++ b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_analytic.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class account_budget_analytic(osv.osv_memory):
         datas = {}
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': context.get('active_ids',[]),
              'model': 'account.analytic.account',
diff --git a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_report.py b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_report.py
index 99c6989e845..5667a264d2a 100644
--- a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_report.py
+++ b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_report.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class account_budget_crossvered_report(osv.osv_memory):
         datas = {}
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': context.get('active_ids',[]),
              'model': 'crossovered.budget',
diff --git a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_summary_report.py b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_summary_report.py
index ad0237af051..c2e34b2f2da 100644
--- a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_summary_report.py
+++ b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_crossovered_summary_report.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class account_budget_crossvered_summary_report(osv.osv_memory):
         datas = {}
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': context.get('active_ids',[]),
              'model': 'crossovered.budge',
diff --git a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_report.py b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_report.py
index 67359cf45f1..a85ff42fe4d 100644
--- a/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_report.py
+++ b/addons/account_budget/wizard/account_budget_report.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class account_budget_report(osv.osv_memory):
         datas = {}
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': context.get('active_ids',[]),
              'model': 'account.budget.post',
diff --git a/addons/account_coda/account_coda.py b/addons/account_coda/account_coda.py
index ab3aa8c37f6..e2cde58fd5c 100644
--- a/addons/account_coda/account_coda.py
+++ b/addons/account_coda/account_coda.py
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ class account_coda(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def search(self, cr, user, args, offset=0, limit=None, order=None, context=None, count=False):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         res = super(account_coda, self).search(cr, user, args=args, offset=offset, limit=limit, order=order,
                 context=context, count=count)
         if context.get('bank_statement', False) and not res:
diff --git a/addons/account_coda/wizard/account_coda_import.py b/addons/account_coda/wizard/account_coda_import.py
index 6219d210e53..6d3743116db 100644
--- a/addons/account_coda/wizard/account_coda_import.py
+++ b/addons/account_coda/wizard/account_coda_import.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class account_coda_import(osv.osv_memory):
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids)[0]
 
         codafile = data['coda']
-        journal_code = journal_obj.browse(cr, uid, data['journal_id'], context).code
+        journal_code = journal_obj.browse(cr, uid, data['journal_id'], context=context).code
 
         period = account_period_obj.find(cr, uid, context=context)[0]
         def_pay_acc = data['def_payable']
diff --git a/addons/account_followup/wizard/account_followup_print.py b/addons/account_followup/wizard/account_followup_print.py
index 611170dadf4..7d296f74f76 100644
--- a/addons/account_followup/wizard/account_followup_print.py
+++ b/addons/account_followup/wizard/account_followup_print.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class account_followup_print(osv.osv_memory):
             context = {}
         if context.get('active_model', 'ir.ui.menu') == 'account_followup.followup':
             return context.get('active_id', False)
-        company_id = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid).company_id.id
+        company_id = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.id
         followp_id = self.pool.get('account_followup.followup').search(cr, uid, [('company_id', '=', company_id)], context=context)
         return followp_id and followp_id[0] or False
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class account_followup_print(osv.osv_memory):
 
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         model_data_ids = mod_obj.search(cr, uid, [('model','=','ir.ui.view'),('name','=','view_account_followup_print_all')], context=context)
         resource_id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, model_data_ids, fields=['res_id'], context=context)[0]['res_id']
         context.update({'followup_id': data['followup_id'], 'date':data['date']})
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class account_followup_print_all(osv.osv_memory):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
         if ids:
-            data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+            data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         cr.execute(
             "SELECT l.partner_id, l.followup_line_id,l.date_maturity, l.date, l.id "\
             "FROM account_move_line AS l "\
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class account_followup_print_all(osv.osv_memory):
 
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         model_data_ids = mod_obj.search(cr, uid, [('model','=','ir.ui.view'),('name','=','view_account_followup_print_all_msg')], context=context)
         resource_id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, model_data_ids, fields=['res_id'], context=context)[0]['res_id']
         if data['email_conf']:
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ class account_followup_print_all(osv.osv_memory):
     def do_print(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         res = self._get_partners_followp(cr, uid, ids, context)['to_update']
         to_update = res
         data['followup_id'] = 'followup_id' in context and context['followup_id'] or False
diff --git a/addons/account_invoice_layout/account_invoice_layout.py b/addons/account_invoice_layout/account_invoice_layout.py
index 5945eb88442..3337710420f 100644
--- a/addons/account_invoice_layout/account_invoice_layout.py
+++ b/addons/account_invoice_layout/account_invoice_layout.py
@@ -127,13 +127,11 @@ class account_invoice_line(osv.osv):
     def copy_data(self, cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None):
         if default is None:
             default = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         default['state'] = self.browse(cr, uid, id, context=context).state
         return super(account_invoice_line, self).copy_data(cr, uid, id, default, context)
 
     def _fnct(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         lines = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         account_ids = [line.account_id.id for line in lines]
         account_names = dict(self.pool.get('account.account').name_get(cr, uid, account_ids, context=context))
diff --git a/addons/account_invoice_layout/wizard/account_invoice_special_message.py b/addons/account_invoice_layout/wizard/account_invoice_special_message.py
index adc3261fa64..a0bd6b328c3 100644
--- a/addons/account_invoice_layout/wizard/account_invoice_special_message.py
+++ b/addons/account_invoice_layout/wizard/account_invoice_special_message.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class account_invoice_special_msg(osv.osv_memory):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
 
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': context.get('active_ids',[]),
              'model': 'account.invoice',
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/account_invoice.py b/addons/account_payment/account_invoice.py
index 5876f138095..1f882b48421 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/account_invoice.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/account_invoice.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ class Invoice(osv.osv):
         if not ids:
             return {}
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for invoice in self.browse(cursor, user, ids, context=context):
             res[invoice.id] = 0.0
             if invoice.move_id:
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/account_move_line.py b/addons/account_payment/account_move_line.py
index 12e2b53bedb..68bb33ca4e5 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/account_move_line.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/account_move_line.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
     def _to_pay_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, context=None):
         if not args:
             return []
-        if context is None: context = {}
         line_obj = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         query = line_obj._query_get(cr, uid, context={})
         where = ' and '.join(map(lambda x: '''(SELECT
@@ -89,7 +88,6 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
         """
         payment_mode_obj = self.pool.get('payment.mode')
         line2bank = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         if not ids:
             return {}
         bank_type = payment_mode_obj.suitable_bank_types(cr, uid, payment_type,
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/account_payment.py b/addons/account_payment/account_payment.py
index 10904e2d181..d5858d94f80 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/account_payment.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/account_payment.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class payment_order(osv.osv):
         if not ids:
             return {}
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for order in self.browse(cursor, user, ids, context=context):
             if order.line_ids:
                 res[order.id] = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y.amount, order.line_ids, 0.0)
@@ -128,7 +127,6 @@ class payment_order(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def copy(self, cr, uid, id, default={}, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
         default.update({
             'state': 'draft',
             'line_ids': [],
@@ -272,7 +270,6 @@ class payment_line(osv.osv):
     def _get_currency(self, cr, uid, context=None):
         user_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         currency_obj = self.pool.get('res.currency')
-        if context is None: context = {}
         user = user_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context)
 
         if user.company_id:
@@ -367,7 +364,7 @@ class payment_line(osv.osv):
         data['amount_currency'] = data['communication'] = data['partner_id'] = data['reference'] = data['date_created'] = data['bank_id'] = data['amount'] = False
 
         if move_line_id:
-            line = move_line_obj.browse(cr, uid, move_line_id)
+            line = move_line_obj.browse(cr, uid, move_line_id, context=context)
             data['amount_currency'] = line.amount_to_pay
 
             res = self.onchange_amount(cr, uid, ids, data['amount_currency'], currency,
@@ -410,7 +407,6 @@ class payment_line(osv.osv):
 
     def onchange_partner(self, cr, uid, ids, partner_id, payment_type, context=None):
         data = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         partner_zip_obj = self.pool.get('res.partner.zip')
         partner_obj = self.pool.get('res.partner')
         payment_mode_obj = self.pool.get('payment.mode')
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_order.py b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_order.py
index 662ed495d31..b8328aee333 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_order.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_order.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class payment_order_create(osv.osv_memory):
         payment_obj = self.pool.get('payment.line')
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         line_ids = data['entries']
         if not line_ids:
             return {}
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_pay.py b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_pay.py
index 8e524c78959..6627ffaa614 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_pay.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_pay.py
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ class account_payment_make_payment(osv.osv_memory):
         If type is manual. just confirm the order.
         """
         obj_payment_order = self.pool.get('payment.order')
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
 #        obj_model = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
 #        obj_act = self.pool.get('ir.actions.act_window')
 #        order = obj_payment_order.browse(cr, uid, context['active_id'], context)
diff --git a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_populate_statement.py b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_populate_statement.py
index bd61d58be3f..cac06bb472a 100644
--- a/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_populate_statement.py
+++ b/addons/account_payment/wizard/account_payment_populate_statement.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class account_payment_populate_statement(osv.osv_memory):
 
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         line_ids = data['lines']
         if not line_ids:
             return {}
diff --git a/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence.py b/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence.py
index 3c45604b726..1649a8890fa 100644
--- a/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence.py
+++ b/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence.py
@@ -30,11 +30,10 @@ class account_move(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def post(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
         obj_sequence = self.pool.get('ir.sequence')
         res = super(account_move, self).post(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         seq_no = False
-        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context):
+        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if move.journal_id.internal_sequence_id:
                 seq_no = obj_sequence.get_id(cr, uid, move.journal_id.internal_sequence_id.id, context=context)
             if seq_no:
diff --git a/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence_installer.py b/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence_installer.py
index f7bcb113388..d27d0aa9f32 100644
--- a/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence_installer.py
+++ b/addons/account_sequence/account_sequence_installer.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class account_sequence_installer(osv.osv_memory):
             context = {}
         jou_obj = self.pool.get('account.journal')
         obj_sequence = self.pool.get('ir.sequence')
-        record = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context)[0]
+        record = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         j_ids = []
         if record.company_id:
             company_id = record.company_id.id,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class account_sequence_installer(osv.osv_memory):
         ir_seq = obj_sequence.create(cr, uid, vals, context)
         res =  super(account_sequence_installer, self).execute(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         journal_ids = jou_obj.search(cr, uid, search_criteria, context=context)
-        for journal in jou_obj.browse(cr, uid, journal_ids, context):
+        for journal in jou_obj.browse(cr, uid, journal_ids, context=context):
             if not journal.internal_sequence_id:
                 j_ids.append(journal.id)
         if j_ids:
diff --git a/addons/account_voucher/account_voucher.py b/addons/account_voucher/account_voucher.py
index 401af122951..9dc496c5ec6 100644
--- a/addons/account_voucher/account_voucher.py
+++ b/addons/account_voucher/account_voucher.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ class account_move_line(osv.osv):
 
     def _unreconciled(self, cr, uid, ids, prop, unknow_none, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[line.id] = line.debit - line.credit
             if line.reconcile_partial_id:
@@ -299,7 +298,6 @@ class account_voucher(osv.osv):
         }
         voucher_total = 0.0
         voucher_line_ids = []
-        if context is None: context = {}
 
         total = 0.0
         total_tax = 0.0
@@ -358,7 +356,6 @@ class account_voucher(osv.osv):
         default = {
             'value':{},
         }
-        if context is None: context = {}
 
         if not partner_id or not journal_id:
             return default
@@ -530,7 +527,6 @@ class account_voucher(osv.osv):
     def onchange_journal(self, cr, uid, ids, journal_id, line_ids, tax_id, partner_id, context=None):
         if not journal_id:
             return False
-        if context is None: context = {}
         journal_pool = self.pool.get('account.journal')
         journal = journal_pool.browse(cr, uid, journal_id, context=context)
         account_id = journal.default_credit_account_id or journal.default_debit_account_id
@@ -560,7 +556,6 @@ class account_voucher(osv.osv):
     def cancel_voucher(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         reconcile_pool = self.pool.get('account.move.reconcile')
         move_pool = self.pool.get('account.move')
-        if context is None: context = {}
 
         for voucher in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             recs = []
@@ -803,7 +798,6 @@ class account_voucher_line(osv.osv):
     def _compute_balance(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         currency_pool = self.pool.get('res.currency')
         rs_data = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res = {}
             company_currency = line.voucher_id.journal_id.company_id.currency_id.id
@@ -855,7 +849,6 @@ class account_voucher_line(osv.osv):
         @return: Returns a dict which contains new values, and context
         """
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         move_line_pool = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         if move_line_id:
             move_line = move_line_pool.browse(cr, user, move_line_id, context=context)
@@ -880,7 +873,8 @@ class account_voucher_line(osv.osv):
 
         @return: Returns a dict that contains default values for fields
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         journal_id = context.get('journal_id', False)
         partner_id = context.get('partner_id', False)
         journal_pool = self.pool.get('account.journal')
@@ -917,7 +911,6 @@ class account_bank_statement(osv.osv):
 
     def button_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         voucher_obj = self.pool.get('account.voucher')
-        if context is None: context = {}
         for st in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             voucher_ids = []
             for line in st.line_ids:
@@ -931,7 +924,6 @@ class account_bank_statement(osv.osv):
         wf_service = netsvc.LocalService("workflow")
         move_line_obj = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         bank_st_line_obj = self.pool.get('account.bank.statement.line')
-        if context is None: context = {}
         st_line = bank_st_line_obj.browse(cr, uid, st_line_id, context=context)
         if st_line.voucher_id:
             voucher_obj.write(cr, uid, [st_line.voucher_id.id], {'number': next_number}, context=context)
@@ -957,7 +949,6 @@ class account_bank_statement_line(osv.osv):
             return {}
 
         res = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
 #        company_currency_id = False
         for line in self.browse(cursor, user, ids, context=context):
 #            if not company_currency_id:
@@ -979,7 +970,6 @@ class account_bank_statement_line(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
         voucher_obj = self.pool.get('account.voucher')
         statement_line = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
diff --git a/addons/account_voucher/invoice.py b/addons/account_voucher/invoice.py
index c8e90d283cc..0230cac1009 100644
--- a/addons/account_voucher/invoice.py
+++ b/addons/account_voucher/invoice.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ class invoice(osv.osv):
 
     def invoice_pay_customer(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         if not ids: return []
-        if context is None: context = {}
         inv = self.browse(cr, uid, ids[0], context=context)
         return {
             'name':_("Pay Invoice"),
diff --git a/addons/account_voucher/wizard/account_statement_from_invoice.py b/addons/account_voucher/wizard/account_statement_from_invoice.py
index df314012ccd..fa1a66e0135 100644
--- a/addons/account_voucher/wizard/account_statement_from_invoice.py
+++ b/addons/account_voucher/wizard/account_statement_from_invoice.py
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ class account_statement_from_invoice_lines(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def populate_statement(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         statement_id = context.get('statement_id', False)
         if not statement_id:
             return {}
@@ -134,7 +135,8 @@ class account_statement_from_invoice(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def search_invoices(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         line_obj = self.pool.get('account.move.line')
         statement_obj = self.pool.get('account.bank.statement')
         journal_obj = self.pool.get('account.journal')
diff --git a/addons/auction/auction.py b/addons/auction/auction.py
index 7a12adb6721..983bdeb0144 100644
--- a/addons/auction/auction.py
+++ b/addons/auction/auction.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class auction_dates(osv.osv):
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         if not ids:
             return []
-        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['name', 'auction1'], context)
+        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['name', 'auction1'], context=context)
         name = [(r['id'], '['+r['auction1']+'] '+ r['name']) for r in reads]
         return name
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class aie_category(osv.osv):
         res = []
         if not ids:
             return res
-        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['name', 'parent_id'], context)
+        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['name', 'parent_id'], context=context)
         for record in reads:
             name = record['name']
             if record['parent_id']:
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send.py
index 53f96c1263b..7c904cf850b 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send.py
@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ class auction_lots_send_aie(osv.osv_memory):
          @param context: A standard dictionary 
          @return: A dictionary which of fields with values. 
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         res = super(auction_lots_send_aie, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         if 'uname' in fields and context.get('uname',False):
             res['uname'] = context.get('uname')
@@ -149,7 +150,8 @@ class auction_lots_send_aie(osv.osv_memory):
                 self._photo_bin_send(uname, passwd, ref, did, fname, bin)
     
     def get_dates(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         import httplib
         data_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         conn = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.auction-in-europe.com')
@@ -181,7 +183,8 @@ class auction_lots_send_aie(osv.osv_memory):
         cr.execute('select name,aie_categ from auction_lot_category')
         vals = dict(cr.fetchall())
         cr.close()
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
     
         service = netsvc.LocalService("object_proxy")
         lots = service.execute(cr.dbname, uid, 'auction.lots', 'read', context.get('active_ids',[]),  ['obj_num','lot_num','obj_desc','bord_vnd_id','lot_est1','lot_est2','artist_id','lot_type','aie_categ'])
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send_result.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send_result.py
index dd302ac73b5..5b2b4eca7fd 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send_result.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_aie_send_result.py
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ class auction_lots_pay(osv.osv_memory):
          @param context: A standard dictionary 
          @return: A dictionary which of fields with values. 
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         res = super(auction_lots_pay, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         if 'uname' in fields and context.get('uname',False):
             res['uname'] = context.get('uname')
@@ -98,7 +99,8 @@ class auction_lots_pay(osv.osv_memory):
         return post_multipart('auction-in-europe.com', "/bin/catalog_result.cgi", (('uname',uname),('password',passwd),('did',did)),(('file',catalog),))
     
     def get_dates(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         import httplib
         conn = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.auction-in-europe.com')
         data_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
@@ -127,7 +129,8 @@ class auction_lots_pay(osv.osv_memory):
         }
     
     def send(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         import pickle
         service = netsvc.LocalService("object_proxy")
         datas = self.read(cr, uid, ids[0],['uname','password','dates'])
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_catalog_flagey_report.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_catalog_flagey_report.py
index ef626bca57f..03c8236c55c 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_catalog_flagey_report.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_catalog_flagey_report.py
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ class auction_catalog_flagey(osv.osv_memory):
         """
         lots_obj = self.pool.get('auction.lots')
         auc_dates_obj = self.pool.get('auction.dates')
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         current_auction = auc_dates_obj.browse(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []))
         v_lots = lots_obj.search(cr, uid, [('auction_id','=',current_auction.id)])
         v_ids = lots_obj.browse(cr, uid, v_lots, context=context)
@@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ class auction_catalog_flagey(osv.osv_memory):
          @param context: A standard dictionary 
          @return: Report  
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         datas = {'ids': context.get('active_ids',[])}
         return {
             'type': 'ir.actions.report.xml',
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_able.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_able.py
index d9da89385a1..369d762727a 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_able.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_able.py
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ class auction_lots_able(osv.osv_memory):
             @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
             @param ids: List of auction lots able’s IDs.
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         self.pool.get('auction.lots').write(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []), {'ach_emp':True})
         return {}
     
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_buyer_map.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_buyer_map.py
index 0ab08e0cd03..e50f11fd1ec 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_buyer_map.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_buyer_map.py
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ class wiz_auc_lots_buyer_map(osv.osv_memory):
          @param context: A standard dictionary 
          @return: A dictionary which of fields with values. 
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         res = super(wiz_auc_lots_buyer_map,self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         auction_lots_obj = self.pool.get('auction.lots')
         lots_ids = auction_lots_obj.search(cr, uid, [('ach_uid', '=', ''), ('ach_login', '!=', '')])
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_enable.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_enable.py
index 41b6ec909cc..ed6b8950d2e 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_enable.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_enable.py
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ class auction_lots_enable(osv.osv_memory):
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
         @param ids: List of auction lots enable’s IDs.
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         self.pool.get('auction.lots').write(cr, uid, context.get('active_id',False), {'ach_emp':False})
         return {}
     
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_invoice.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_invoice.py
index ac296ec1dd7..66bb5e42f2b 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_invoice.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_invoice.py
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ class auction_lots_invoice(osv.osv_memory):
          @param context: A standard dictionary
          @return: A dictionary which of fields with values.
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         res = super(auction_lots_invoice, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         service = netsvc.LocalService("object_proxy")
         lots = service.execute(cr.dbname, uid, 'auction.lots', 'read', context.get('active_ids', []))
@@ -102,7 +103,8 @@ class auction_lots_invoice(osv.osv_memory):
         @param ids: List of Auction lots make invoice buyer’s IDs
         @return: dictionary of  account invoice form.
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         service = netsvc.LocalService("object_proxy")
         datas = {'ids' : context.get('active_ids',[])}
         res = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['number','ach_uid'])
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_numerotate.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_numerotate.py
index 5085ba39134..0712e21565e 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_numerotate.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_numerotate.py
@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ class auction_lots_numerotate_per_lot(osv.osv_memory):
         }
     
     def numerotate(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
         record_ids = context and context.get('active_ids',False) or False
         assert record_ids, _('Active IDs not Found')
         datas = self.read(cr, uid, ids[0], ['bord_vnd_id','lot_num','obj_num'])
@@ -134,7 +133,6 @@ class auction_lots_numerotate_per_lot(osv.osv_memory):
         return lots_datas[0]
     
     def test_exist(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
         record_ids = context and context.get('active_ids',False) or False
         assert record_ids, _('Active IDs not Found')
         data_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_sms_send.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_sms_send.py
index ea1d094f55b..93faab41275 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_sms_send.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_lots_sms_send.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class auction_lots_sms_send(osv.osv_memory):
         lot_obj = self.pool.get('auction.lots')
         partner_obj = self.pool.get('res.partner')
         partner_address_obj = self.pool.get('res.partner.address')
-        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             lots = lot_obj.read(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []), ['obj_num','obj_price','ach_uid'])
             res = partner_obj.read(cr, uid, [l['ach_uid'][0] for l in lots if l['ach_uid']], ['gsm'], context)
             
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_pay_sel.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_pay_sel.py
index 23b16743246..7265a4e7f98 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_pay_sel.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_pay_sel.py
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ class auction_pay_sel(osv.osv_memory):
         @param context: A standard dictionary
         @return:
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         lot = self.pool.get('auction.lots').browse(cr, uid, context['active_id'], context=context)
         invoice_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice')
         for datas in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
diff --git a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_payer_sel.py b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_payer_sel.py
index f1df4d1cd47..808826cfc23 100644
--- a/addons/auction/wizard/auction_payer_sel.py
+++ b/addons/auction/wizard/auction_payer_sel.py
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ class auction_payer(osv.osv_memory):
     _description = "Auction payer"
     
     def payer(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         self.pool.get('auction.lots').write(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []), {'is_ok':True, 'state':'paid'})
         return {}
     
@@ -46,7 +47,8 @@ class auction_payer_sel(osv.osv_memory):
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
         @param ids: List of auction payer sel’s IDs.
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         self.pool.get('auction.lots').write(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []), {'paid_vnd':True})
         return {}
     
diff --git a/addons/audittrail/wizard/audittrail_view_log.py b/addons/audittrail/wizard/audittrail_view_log.py
index 7d3894c8a1d..65165c1d2d8 100644
--- a/addons/audittrail/wizard/audittrail_view_log.py
+++ b/addons/audittrail/wizard/audittrail_view_log.py
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ class audittrail_view_log(osv.osv_memory):
         mod_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         act_obj = self.pool.get('ir.actions.act_window')
         result = mod_obj._get_id(cr, uid, 'audittrail', 'action_audittrail_log_tree')
-        id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, [result], ['res_id'])[0]['res_id']
-        result = act_obj.read(cr, uid, [id])[0]
+        id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, [result], ['res_id'], context=context)[0]['res_id']
+        result = act_obj.read(cr, uid, [id], context=context)[0]
 
         #start Loop
         for datas in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
diff --git a/addons/base_calendar/wizard/base_calendar_set_exrule.py b/addons/base_calendar/wizard/base_calendar_set_exrule.py
index fa65c27f72c..4f5d57235e5 100644
--- a/addons/base_calendar/wizard/base_calendar_set_exrule.py
+++ b/addons/base_calendar/wizard/base_calendar_set_exrule.py
@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ class base_calendar_set_exrule(osv.osv_memory):
         @param fields: List of fields for default value
         @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         event_obj = self.pool.get(context.get('active_model'))
         for event in event_obj.browse(cr, uid, context.get('active_ids', []), context=context):
             if not event.rrule:
@@ -103,7 +104,8 @@ class base_calendar_set_exrule(osv.osv_memory):
         weekstring = ''
         monthstring = ''
         yearstring = ''
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         ex_id = base_calendar.base_calendar_id2real_id(context.get('active_id', False))
         model = context.get('model', False)
         model_obj = self.pool.get(model)
diff --git a/addons/base_contact/base_contact.py b/addons/base_contact/base_contact.py
index 9342bf812b2..8a003ec7cf1 100644
--- a/addons/base_contact/base_contact.py
+++ b/addons/base_contact/base_contact.py
@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ class res_partner_address(osv.osv):
         if not len(ids):
             return []
         res = []
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         for r in self.read(cr, user, ids, ['zip', 'city', 'partner_id', 'street']):
             if context.get('contact_display', 'contact')=='partner' and r['partner_id']:
                 res.append((r['id'], r['partner_id'][1]))
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ class res_partner_job(osv.osv):
             return []
         res = []
 
-        jobs = self.browse(cr, uid, ids)
+        jobs = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
 
         contact_ids = [rec.contact_id.id for rec in jobs]
         contact_names = dict(self.pool.get('res.partner.contact').name_get(cr, uid, contact_ids, context=context))
diff --git a/addons/base_report_creator/wizard/report_menu_create.py b/addons/base_report_creator/wizard/report_menu_create.py
index 9f6eba3f806..efa61c556d1 100644
--- a/addons/base_report_creator/wizard/report_menu_create.py
+++ b/addons/base_report_creator/wizard/report_menu_create.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class report_menu_create(osv.osv_memory):
                 return {}
             data = data[0]
 
-            board = obj_board.browse(cr, uid, context_id)
+            board = obj_board.browse(cr, uid, context_id, context=context)
             view = board.view_type1
             if board.view_type2:
                 view += ',' + board.view_type2
diff --git a/addons/base_report_designer/wizard/base_report_designer_modify.py b/addons/base_report_designer/wizard/base_report_designer_modify.py
index fef2d1c56af..d0790cdc0ad 100644
--- a/addons/base_report_designer/wizard/base_report_designer_modify.py
+++ b/addons/base_report_designer/wizard/base_report_designer_modify.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class base_report_sxw(osv.osv_memory):
 
 
     def get_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        data = self.read(cr,uid,ids)[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         data_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         id2 = data_obj._get_id(cr, uid, 'base_report_designer', 'view_base_report_file_sxw')
         report = self.pool.get('ir.actions.report.xml').browse(cr, uid, data['report_id'], context=context)
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class base_report_file_sxw(osv.osv_memory):
         """
         res = super(base_report_file_sxw, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         report_id1 = self.pool.get('base.report.sxw').search(cr,uid,[])
-        data=self.pool.get('base.report.sxw').read(cr,uid,report_id1)[0]
+        data = self.pool.get('base.report.sxw').read(cr, uid, report_id1, context=context)[0]
         report = self.pool.get('ir.actions.report.xml').browse(cr, uid, data['report_id'], context=context)
         if context is None:
             context={}
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class base_report_rml_save(osv.osv_memory):
         
         res = super(base_report_rml_save, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields, context=context)
         report_id = self.pool.get('base.report.sxw').search(cr,uid,[])
-        data=self.pool.get('base.report.file.sxw').read(cr,uid,report_id)[0]
+        data = self.pool.get('base.report.file.sxw').read(cr, uid, report_id, context=context)[0]
         report = self.pool.get('ir.actions.report.xml').browse(cr, uid, data['report_id'], context=context)
         
         if 'file_rml' in fields:
diff --git a/addons/caldav/calendar.py b/addons/caldav/calendar.py
index bb2f19334d8..e7269b7ed89 100644
--- a/addons/caldav/calendar.py
+++ b/addons/caldav/calendar.py
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ class Calendar(CalDAV, osv.osv):
         ctx_model = context.get('model', None)
         ctx_res_id = context.get('res_id', None)
         ical = vobject.iCalendar()
-        for cal in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for cal in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             for line in cal.line_ids:
                 if ctx_model and ctx_model != line.object_id.model:
                     continue
@@ -1124,8 +1124,6 @@ class Alarm(CalDAV, osv.osv_memory):
             @param alarm_id: Get Alarm's Id
             @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         valarm = vevent.add('valarm')
         alarm_object = self.pool.get(model)
         alarm_data = alarm_object.read(cr, uid, alarm_id, [])
@@ -1159,7 +1157,8 @@ class Alarm(CalDAV, osv.osv_memory):
             @param ical_data: Get calendar's Data
             @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         ctx = context.copy()
         ctx.update({'model': context.get('model', None)})
         self.__attribute__ = get_attribute_mapping(cr, uid, self._calname, ctx)
@@ -1221,7 +1220,8 @@ class Attendee(CalDAV, osv.osv_memory):
             @param ical_data: Get calendar's Data
             @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         ctx = context.copy()
         ctx.update({'model': context.get('model', None)})
         self.__attribute__ = get_attribute_mapping(cr, uid, self._calname, ctx)
diff --git a/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_import.py b/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_import.py
index 51d7e007fcf..fc54d6e77df 100644
--- a/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_import.py
+++ b/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_import.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class calendar_event_import(osv.osv_memory):
             context = context.copy()
         context['uid'] = uid
 
-        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             model = data.get('model', 'basic.calendar')
             model_obj = self.pool.get(model)
             context.update({'model': model})
diff --git a/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_subscribe.py b/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_subscribe.py
index f8dc7614507..f4f9e22cc60 100644
--- a/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_subscribe.py
+++ b/addons/caldav/wizard/calendar_event_subscribe.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class calendar_event_subscribe(osv.osv_memory):
             context = context.copy()
         context['uid'] = uid
 
-        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for data in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             try:
                 f =  urllib.urlopen(data['url_path'])
                 caldata = f.fp.read()
diff --git a/addons/crm/crm_lead.py b/addons/crm/crm_lead.py
index b520ab4bb64..69b27e0393c 100644
--- a/addons/crm/crm_lead.py
+++ b/addons/crm/crm_lead.py
@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@ class crm_lead(crm_case, osv.osv):
                         }
         return value
 
-    def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context={}):
+    def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
         if 'date_closed' in vals:
-            return super(crm_lead,self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context)
+            return super(crm_lead,self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context=context)
             
         if 'stage_id' in vals and vals['stage_id']:
             stage_obj = self.pool.get('crm.case.stage').browse(cr, uid, vals['stage_id'], context=context)
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ class crm_lead(crm_case, osv.osv):
         return super(crm_lead,self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context)
     
     def stage_next(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        stage = super(crm_lead, self).stage_next(cr, uid, ids, context)
+        stage = super(crm_lead, self).stage_next(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         if stage:
             stage_obj = self.pool.get('crm.case.stage').browse(cr, uid, stage, context=context)
             if stage_obj.on_change:
diff --git a/addons/crm/crm_meeting.py b/addons/crm/crm_meeting.py
index e5d7190f5d3..cc12caf315c 100644
--- a/addons/crm/crm_meeting.py
+++ b/addons/crm/crm_meeting.py
@@ -176,8 +176,6 @@ class res_users(osv.osv):
     _inherit = 'res.users'
 
     def create(self, cr, uid, data, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         user_id = super(res_users, self).create(cr, uid, data, context=context)
         data_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         try:
diff --git a/addons/crm/wizard/crm_phonecall_to_meeting.py b/addons/crm/wizard/crm_phonecall_to_meeting.py
index 06c46b8bf55..3f726af15ef 100644
--- a/addons/crm/wizard/crm_phonecall_to_meeting.py
+++ b/addons/crm/wizard/crm_phonecall_to_meeting.py
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ import pooler
 class phonecall2meeting(wizard.interface):
 
     def _makeMeeting(self, cr, uid, data, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         pool = pooler.get_pool(cr.dbname)
         phonecall_case_obj = pool.get('crm.phonecall')                   
         data_obj = pool.get('ir.model.data')
diff --git a/addons/document/directory_content.py b/addons/document/directory_content.py
index cd0c44584a7..e690e50d4b4 100644
--- a/addons/document/directory_content.py
+++ b/addons/document/directory_content.py
@@ -110,8 +110,6 @@ class document_directory_content(osv.osv):
         return True
     
     def process_read(self, cr, uid, node, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if node.extension != '.pdf':
             raise Exception("Invalid content: %s" % node.extension)
         report = self.pool.get('ir.actions.report.xml').browse(cr, uid, node.report_id, context=context)
diff --git a/addons/document/document_directory.py b/addons/document/document_directory.py
index 1f7d1e15807..2a3f54f53ba 100644
--- a/addons/document/document_directory.py
+++ b/addons/document/document_directory.py
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ class document_directory(osv.osv):
         else:
             raise ValueError("dir node for %s type", dbro.type)
 
-    def _prepare_context(self, cr, uid, nctx, context):
+    def _prepare_context(self, cr, uid, nctx, context=None):
         """ Fill nctx with properties for this database
         @param nctx instance of nodes.node_context, to be filled
         @param context ORM context (dict) for us
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class document_directory(osv.osv):
         """
         return
 
-    def get_dir_permissions(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None ):
+    def get_dir_permissions(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         """Check what permission user 'uid' has on directory 'id'
         """
         assert len(ids) == 1
diff --git a/addons/document_ics/document_ics.py b/addons/document_ics/document_ics.py
index 82a672c2006..45b89997287 100644
--- a/addons/document_ics/document_ics.py
+++ b/addons/document_ics/document_ics.py
@@ -347,7 +347,6 @@ class crm_meeting(osv.osv):
         """
 
         if not default: default = {}
-        if context is None: context = {}
         default.update({'code': self.pool.get('ir.sequence').get(cr, uid, 'crm.meeting'), 'id': False})
         return super(crm_meeting, self).copy(cr, uid, id, default, context)
 
diff --git a/addons/document_ics/document_ics_config_wizard.py b/addons/document_ics/document_ics_config_wizard.py
index 51ccab59204..5c338cf6dd0 100644
--- a/addons/document_ics/document_ics_config_wizard.py
+++ b/addons/document_ics/document_ics_config_wizard.py
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class document_ics_crm_wizard(osv.osv_memory):
             @param ids: List of Document CRM wizard’s IDs
             @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values """
 
-        data=self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])[0]
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         dir_obj = self.pool.get('document.directory')
         dir_cont_obj = self.pool.get('document.directory.content')
         dir_id = dir_obj.search(cr, uid, [('name', '=', 'Calendars')])
diff --git a/addons/email_template/email_template_mailbox.py b/addons/email_template/email_template_mailbox.py
index 738c9034366..2fb3b0fa54c 100644
--- a/addons/email_template/email_template_mailbox.py
+++ b/addons/email_template/email_template_mailbox.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class email_template_mailbox(osv.osv):
         to periodically send emails
         """
         try:
-            self.send_all_mail(cursor, user, context)
+            self.send_all_mail(cursor, user, context=context)
         except Exception, e:
             LOGGER.notifyChannel(
                                  "Email Template",
diff --git a/addons/event/event.py b/addons/event/event.py
index dd0ad21157b..b18f7618985 100644
--- a/addons/event/event.py
+++ b/addons/event/event.py
@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ class event_event(osv.osv):
         res = False
         if type(ids) in (int, long,):
             ids = [ids]
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data_pool = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         unconfirmed_ids = []
         for event in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -267,8 +265,6 @@ class event_event(osv.osv):
         """
         if not team_id:
             return {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         team_pool = self.pool.get('crm.case.section')
         res = {}
         team = team_pool.browse(cr, uid, team_id, context=context)
@@ -287,7 +283,6 @@ class event_registration(osv.osv):
     def _amount_line(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
         cur_obj = self.pool.get('res.currency')
         res = {}
-        context = context or {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             price = line.unit_price * line.nb_register
             pricelist = line.event_id.pricelist_id or line.partner_invoice_id.property_product_pricelist
@@ -490,8 +485,6 @@ class event_registration(osv.osv):
         """
         data_pool = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         unclosed_ids = []
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for registration in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if registration.tobe_invoiced and not registration.invoice_id:
                 unclosed_ids.append(registration.id)
diff --git a/addons/hr/hr_department.py b/addons/hr/hr_department.py
index 8e1d11716c2..c885fdf30bd 100644
--- a/addons/hr/hr_department.py
+++ b/addons/hr/hr_department.py
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ class hr_department(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _dept_name_get_fnc(self, cr, uid, ids, prop, unknow_none, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = self.name_get(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         return dict(res)
 
@@ -58,8 +56,6 @@ class hr_department(osv.osv):
                 }
 
     def _get_members(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         mids = self.search(cr, uid, [('manager_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         result = {uid: 1}
         for m in self.browse(cr, uid, mids, context=context):
diff --git a/addons/hr_attendance/hr_attendance.py b/addons/hr_attendance/hr_attendance.py
index 087a80c6bc5..584340d6c1d 100644
--- a/addons/hr_attendance/hr_attendance.py
+++ b/addons/hr_attendance/hr_attendance.py
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ class hr_action_reason(osv.osv):
 hr_action_reason()
 
 def _employee_get(obj, cr, uid, context=None):
-    if context is None:
-        context = {}
     ids = obj.pool.get('hr.employee').search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
     return ids and ids[0] or False
 
@@ -48,8 +46,6 @@ class hr_attendance(osv.osv):
     _description = "Attendance"
 
     def _day_compute(self, cr, uid, ids, fieldnames, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = dict.fromkeys(ids, '')
         for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[obj.id] = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.strptime(obj.name, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
@@ -93,8 +89,6 @@ class hr_employee(osv.osv):
     _description = "Employee"
 
     def _state(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         if not ids:
             return result
@@ -120,16 +114,12 @@ class hr_employee(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def _action_check(self, cr, uid, emp_id, dt=False, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cr.execute('SELECT MAX(name) FROM hr_attendance WHERE employee_id=%s', (emp_id,))
         res = cr.fetchone()
         return not (res and (res[0]>=(dt or time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))))
 
     def attendance_action_change(self, cr, uid, ids, type='action', context=None, dt=False, *args):
         obj_attendance = self.pool.get('hr.attendance')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         id = False
         warning_sign = 'sign'
         res = {}
diff --git a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_bymonth.py b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_bymonth.py
index 7d673b825f8..6f44729c01b 100644
--- a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_bymonth.py
+++ b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_bymonth.py
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@ class hr_attendance_bymonth(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         datas = {
              'ids': [],
              'model': 'hr.employee',
diff --git a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_byweek.py b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_byweek.py
index f969e88b66b..139ff94cd5a 100644
--- a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_byweek.py
+++ b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_byweek.py
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ class hr_attendance_byweek(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         datas = {
              'ids': [],
              'model': 'hr.employee',
diff --git a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_error.py b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_error.py
index c3b31bb6491..bb181268195 100644
--- a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_error.py
+++ b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_error.py
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class hr_attendance_error(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_ids = []
         data_error = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         date_from = data_error['init_date']
diff --git a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_sign_in_out.py b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_sign_in_out.py
index 09f9f9364c5..4e079584053 100644
--- a/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_sign_in_out.py
+++ b/addons/hr_attendance/wizard/hr_attendance_sign_in_out.py
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ class hr_si_so_ask(osv.osv_memory):
         }
 
     def _get_empname(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = self.pool.get('hr.employee').search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if emp_id:
             employee = self.pool.get('hr.employee').browse(cr, uid, emp_id, context=context)[0].name
@@ -53,14 +51,10 @@ class hr_si_so_ask(osv.osv_memory):
                  }
 
     def sign_in(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         return self.pool.get('hr.sign.in.out').sign_in(cr, uid, data, context)
 
     def sign_out(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         return self.pool.get('hr.sign.in.out').sign_out(cr, uid, data, context)
 
@@ -78,8 +72,6 @@ class hr_sign_in_out(osv.osv_memory):
                 }
 
     def _get_empid(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = self.pool.get('hr.employee').search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if emp_id:
             employee = self.pool.get('hr.employee').browse(cr, uid, emp_id, context=context)[0]
@@ -87,8 +79,6 @@ class hr_sign_in_out(osv.osv_memory):
         return {}
 
     def default_get(self, cr, uid, fields_list, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(hr_sign_in_out, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields_list, context=context)
         res_emp = self._get_empid(cr, uid, context=context)
         res.update(res_emp)
@@ -97,8 +87,6 @@ class hr_sign_in_out(osv.osv_memory):
     def si_check(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         obj_model = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         att_obj = self.pool.get('hr.attendance')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         emp_id = data['emp_id']
         att_id = att_obj.search(cr, uid, [('employee_id', '=', emp_id)], limit=1, order='name desc')
@@ -124,8 +112,6 @@ class hr_sign_in_out(osv.osv_memory):
     def so_check(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         obj_model = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         att_obj = self.pool.get('hr.attendance')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         emp_id = data['emp_id']
         att_id = att_obj.search(cr, uid, [('employee_id', '=', emp_id),('action', '!=', 'action')], limit=1, order='name desc')
@@ -177,8 +163,6 @@ class hr_sign_in_out(osv.osv_memory):
         return {} # To do: Return Success message
 
     def sign_out(self, cr, uid, data, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = data['emp_id']
         if 'last_time' in data:
             if data['last_time'] > time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
diff --git a/addons/hr_evaluation/hr_evaluation.py b/addons/hr_evaluation/hr_evaluation.py
index 4e635f5f594..58631761fa9 100644
--- a/addons/hr_evaluation/hr_evaluation.py
+++ b/addons/hr_evaluation/hr_evaluation.py
@@ -106,8 +106,6 @@ class hr_employee(osv.osv):
 
     def run_employee_evaluation(self, cr, uid, automatic=False, use_new_cursor=False, context=None):
         obj_evaluation = self.pool.get('hr_evaluation.evaluation')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for id in self.browse(cr, uid, self.search(cr, uid, [], context=context), context=context):
             if id.evaluation_plan_id and id.evaluation_date:
                 if (parser.parse(id.evaluation_date) + relativedelta(months = int(id.evaluation_plan_id.month_next))).strftime('%Y-%m-%d') <= time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d"):
@@ -116,8 +114,6 @@ class hr_employee(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def onchange_evaluation_plan_id(self, cr, uid, ids, evaluation_plan_id, evaluation_date, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if evaluation_plan_id:
             evaluation_plan_obj=self.pool.get('hr_evaluation.plan')
             obj_evaluation = self.pool.get('hr_evaluation.evaluation')
@@ -135,8 +131,6 @@ class hr_employee(osv.osv):
         return {'value': {'evaluation_date': evaluation_date}}
 
     def create(self, cr, uid, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         id = super(hr_employee, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context=context)
         if vals.get('evaluation_plan_id', False):
             self.pool.get('hr_evaluation.evaluation').create(cr, uid, {'employee_id': id, 'plan_id': vals['evaluation_plan_id']}, context=context)
@@ -180,8 +174,6 @@ class hr_evaluation(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not ids:
             return []
         reads = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
@@ -192,8 +184,6 @@ class hr_evaluation(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def onchange_employee_id(self, cr, uid, ids, employee_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         evaluation_plan_id=False
         if employee_id:
             employee_obj=self.pool.get('hr.employee')
@@ -246,8 +236,6 @@ class hr_evaluation(osv.osv):
 
     def button_final_validation(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         request_obj = self.pool.get('hr.evaluation.interview')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'progress'}, context=context)
         for id in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if len(id.survey_request_ids) != len(request_obj.search(cr, uid, [('evaluation_id', '=', id.id),('state', '=', 'done')], context=context)):
@@ -255,21 +243,15 @@ class hr_evaluation(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def button_done(self,cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids,{'progress': 1 * 100}, context=context)
         self.write(cr, uid, ids,{'state':'done', 'date_close': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids,{'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if 'date' in vals:
             new_vals = {'date_deadline': vals.get('date')}
             obj_hr_eval_iterview = self.pool.get('hr.evaluation.interview')
@@ -306,8 +288,6 @@ class hr_evaluation_interview(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not ids:
             return []
         reads = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
@@ -318,15 +298,11 @@ class hr_evaluation_interview(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def survey_req_waiting_answer(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, { 'state': 'waiting_answer'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def survey_req_done(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         hr_eval_obj = self.pool.get('hr_evaluation.evaluation')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for id in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             flag = False
             wating_id = 0
@@ -349,14 +325,10 @@ class hr_evaluation_interview(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def survey_req_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, { 'state': 'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def survey_req_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, { 'state': 'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
diff --git a/addons/hr_evaluation/wizard/hr_evaluation_mail.py b/addons/hr_evaluation/wizard/hr_evaluation_mail.py
index 3464c4beaee..17ad7415cb5 100644
--- a/addons/hr_evaluation/wizard/hr_evaluation_mail.py
+++ b/addons/hr_evaluation/wizard/hr_evaluation_mail.py
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ class hr_evaluation_reminder(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def send_mail(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         hr_evaluation_interview_obj = self.pool.get('hr.evaluation.interview')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         evaluation_data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         current_interview = hr_evaluation_interview_obj.browse(cr, uid, evaluation_data.get('evaluation_id'))
         if current_interview.state == "waiting_answer" and current_interview.user_to_review_id.work_email :
diff --git a/addons/hr_expense/hr_expense.py b/addons/hr_expense/hr_expense.py
index 638d6eb19fb..acec2f3a240 100644
--- a/addons/hr_expense/hr_expense.py
+++ b/addons/hr_expense/hr_expense.py
@@ -43,15 +43,11 @@ class hr_expense_expense(osv.osv):
         return super(hr_expense_expense, self).copy(cr, uid, id, default, context=context)
 
     def _amount(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cr.execute("SELECT s.id,COALESCE(SUM(l.unit_amount*l.unit_quantity),0) AS amount FROM hr_expense_expense s LEFT OUTER JOIN hr_expense_line l ON (s.id=l.expense_id) WHERE s.id IN %s GROUP BY s.id ", (tuple(ids),))
         res = dict(cr.fetchall())
         return res
 
     def _get_currency(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         user = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, [uid], context=context)[0]
         if user.company_id:
             return user.company_id.currency_id.id
@@ -217,8 +213,6 @@ class hr_expense_line(osv.osv):
     _description = "Expense Line"
 
     def _amount(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not ids:
             return {}
         cr.execute("SELECT l.id,COALESCE(SUM(l.unit_amount*l.unit_quantity),0) AS amount FROM hr_expense_line l WHERE id IN %s GROUP BY l.id ",(tuple(ids),))
@@ -246,8 +240,6 @@ class hr_expense_line(osv.osv):
     _order = "sequence, date_value desc"
 
     def onchange_product_id(self, cr, uid, ids, product_id, uom_id, employee_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         if product_id:
             product = self.pool.get('product.product').browse(cr, uid, product_id, context=context)
diff --git a/addons/hr_holidays/hr_holidays.py b/addons/hr_holidays/hr_holidays.py
index 4194ff402be..314e053ac12 100644
--- a/addons/hr_holidays/hr_holidays.py
+++ b/addons/hr_holidays/hr_holidays.py
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@ class hr_holidays_status(osv.osv):
     _description = "Leave Type"
 
     def get_days_cat(self, cr, uid, ids, category_id, return_false, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         cr.execute("""SELECT id, type, number_of_days, holiday_status_id FROM hr_holidays WHERE category_id = %s AND state='validate' AND holiday_status_id in %s""",
             [category_id, tuple(ids)])
@@ -61,8 +59,6 @@ class hr_holidays_status(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def get_days(self, cr, uid, ids, employee_id, return_false, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         cr.execute("""SELECT id, type, number_of_days, holiday_status_id FROM hr_holidays WHERE employee_id = %s AND state='validate' AND holiday_status_id in %s""",
             [employee_id, tuple(ids)])
@@ -86,8 +82,6 @@ class hr_holidays_status(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _user_left_days(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return_false = False
         employee_id = False
         res = {}
@@ -133,8 +127,6 @@ class hr_holidays(osv.osv):
     _order = "type desc, date_from asc"
 
     def _employee_get(obj, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         ids = obj.pool.get('hr.employee').search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if ids:
             return ids[0]
@@ -177,16 +169,12 @@ class hr_holidays(osv.osv):
 
     def _create_resource_leave(self, cr, uid, vals, context=None):
         '''This method will create entry in resource calendar leave object at the time of holidays validated '''
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         obj_res_leave = self.pool.get('resource.calendar.leaves')
         return obj_res_leave.create(cr, uid, vals, context=context)
 
     def _remove_resouce_leave(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         '''This method will create entry in resource calendar leave object at the time of holidays cancel/removed'''
         obj_res_leave = self.pool.get('resource.calendar.leaves')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         leave_ids = obj_res_leave.search(cr, uid, [('holiday_id', 'in', ids)], context=context)
         return obj_res_leave.unlink(cr, uid, leave_ids)
 
@@ -205,8 +193,6 @@ class hr_holidays(osv.osv):
         return super(hr_holidays, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context=context)
 
     def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if 'holiday_type' in vals:
             if vals['holiday_type'] == 'employee':
                 vals.update({'category_id': False})
@@ -260,8 +246,6 @@ class hr_holidays(osv.osv):
     _constraints = [(_check_date, 'Start date should not be larger than end date!\nNumber of Days should be greater than 1!', ['number_of_days_temp'])]
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self._update_user_holidays(cr, uid, ids)
         self._remove_resouce_leave(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         return super(hr_holidays, self).unlink(cr, uid, ids, context)
@@ -283,8 +267,6 @@ class hr_holidays(osv.osv):
         return self.onchange_date_from(cr, uid, ids, date_to, date_from)
 
     def onchange_sec_id(self, cr, uid, ids, status, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         warning = {}
         if status:
             brows_obj = self.pool.get('hr.holidays.status').browse(cr, uid, [status], context=context)[0]
diff --git a/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_department.py b/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_department.py
index b7f206b22ab..f21dca92393 100644
--- a/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_department.py
+++ b/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_department.py
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class hr_holidays_summary_dept(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         if not data['depts']:
             raise osv.except_osv(_('Error'), _('You have to select at least 1 Department. And try again'))
diff --git a/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_employees.py b/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_employees.py
index 984a1f51e4b..b6aeee96b00 100644
--- a/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_employees.py
+++ b/addons/hr_holidays/wizard/hr_holidays_summary_employees.py
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@ class hr_holidays_summary_employee(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         data['emp'] = context['active_ids']
         datas = {
diff --git a/addons/hr_payroll/hr_payroll.py b/addons/hr_payroll/hr_payroll.py
index a9c6a7d03a4..2319b3a352c 100644
--- a/addons/hr_payroll/hr_payroll.py
+++ b/addons/hr_payroll/hr_payroll.py
@@ -114,8 +114,6 @@ class hr_payroll_structure(osv.osv):
 
         @return: returns a id of newly created record
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         code = self.browse(cr, uid, id, context=context).code
         default = {
             'code':code+"(copy)",
@@ -424,20 +422,14 @@ class payroll_register(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def set_to_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def cancel_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def verify_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         slip_pool = self.pool.get('hr.payslip')
 
         for id in ids:
@@ -455,8 +447,6 @@ class payroll_register(osv.osv):
         advice_line_pool = self.pool.get('hr.payroll.advice.line')
         sequence_pool = self.pool.get('ir.sequence')
         users_pool = self.pool.get('res.users')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         for id in ids:
             sids = slip_pool.search(cr, uid, [('register_id','=',id), ('state','=','hr_check')], context=context)
@@ -533,27 +523,19 @@ class payroll_advice(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def confirm_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'confirm'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def set_to_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def cancel_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def onchange_company_id(self, cr, uid, ids, company_id=False, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if company_id:
             company = self.pool.get('res.company').browse(cr, uid, company_id, context=context)
             if company.partner_id.bank_ids:
@@ -585,8 +567,6 @@ class payroll_advice_line(osv.osv):
     def onchange_employee_id(self, cr, uid, ids, ddate, employee_id, context=None):
         vals = {}
         slip_pool = self.pool.get('hr.payslip')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if employee_id:
             dates = prev_bounds(ddate)
             sids = False
@@ -650,8 +630,6 @@ class contrib_register_line(osv.osv):
     _description = 'Contribution Register Line'
 
     def _total(self, cr, uid, ids, field_names, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res={}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[line.id] = line.emp_deduction + line.comp_deduction
@@ -763,8 +741,6 @@ class company_contribution(osv.osv):
         uid: user id of current executer
         """
         line_pool = self.pool.get('company.contribution.line')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = 0
         ids = line_pool.search(cr, uid, [('category_id','=',id), ('to_val','>=',value),('from_val','<=',value)], context=context)
         if not ids:
@@ -839,8 +815,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
 
     def _calculate(self, cr, uid, ids, field_names, arg, context=None):
         slip_line_obj = self.pool.get('hr.payslip.line')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         for rs in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             allow = 0.0
@@ -935,8 +909,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def copy(self, cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         company_id = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.id
         default = {
             'line_ids': False,
@@ -963,32 +935,22 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
             slip_move.create(cr, uid, res)
 
     def set_to_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def cancel_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def account_check_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'accont_check'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def hr_check_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'hr_check'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def process_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'paid':True, 'state':'done'}, context=context)
         return True
 
@@ -1023,8 +985,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def get_contract(self, cr, uid, employee, date, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         sql_req= '''
             SELECT c.id as id, c.wage as wage, struct_id as function
             FROM hr_contract c
@@ -1055,8 +1015,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
 
         @return: return a result
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = []
 
         dates = prev_bounds(slip.date)
@@ -1381,8 +1339,6 @@ class hr_payslip_line(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def execute_function(self, cr, uid, id, value, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         line_pool = self.pool.get('hr.payslip.line.line')
         res = 0
         ids = line_pool.search(cr, uid, [('slipline_id','=',id), ('from_val','<=',value), ('to_val','>=',value)], context=context)
diff --git a/addons/hr_payroll_account/hr_payroll_account.py b/addons/hr_payroll_account/hr_payroll_account.py
index a3b3cd72b9b..adf1fada169 100644
--- a/addons/hr_payroll_account/hr_payroll_account.py
+++ b/addons/hr_payroll_account/hr_payroll_account.py
@@ -156,19 +156,19 @@ class contrib_register(osv.osv):
         period_id = self.pool.get('account.period').search(cr,uid,[('date_start','<=',time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')),('date_stop','>=',time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))])[0]
         fiscalyear_id = self.pool.get('account.period').browse(cr, uid, period_id, context=context).fiscalyear_id
         res = {}
-        for cur in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for cur in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             current = line_pool.search(cr, uid, [('period_id','=',period_id),('register_id','=',cur.id)])
             years = line_pool.search(cr, uid, [('period_id.fiscalyear_id','=',fiscalyear_id.id), ('register_id','=',cur.id)])
 
             e_month = 0.0
             c_month = 0.0
-            for i in line_pool.browse(cr, uid, current):
+            for i in line_pool.browse(cr, uid, current, context=context):
                 e_month += i.emp_deduction
                 c_month += i.comp_deduction
 
             e_year = 0.0
             c_year = 0.0
-            for j in line_pool.browse(cr, uid, years):
+            for j in line_pool.browse(cr, uid, years, context=context):
                 e_year += i.emp_deduction
                 c_year += i.comp_deduction
 
@@ -235,8 +235,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
     def cancel_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         move_pool = self.pool.get('account.move')
         slip_move = self.pool.get('hr.payslip.account.move')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         move_ids = []
         for slip in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             for line in slip.move_ids:
@@ -256,8 +254,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
         invoice_pool = self.pool.get('account.invoice')
         fiscalyear_pool = self.pool.get('account.fiscalyear')
         period_pool = self.pool.get('account.period')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         for slip in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             line_ids = []
@@ -398,14 +394,10 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def account_check_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'accont_check'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def hr_check_sheet(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'hr_check'}, context=context)
         return True
 
@@ -418,8 +410,6 @@ class hr_payslip(osv.osv):
         property_pool = self.pool.get('ir.property')
         payslip_pool = self.pool.get('hr.payslip.line')
 
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for slip in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             total_deduct = 0.0
 
diff --git a/addons/hr_recruitment/hr_recruitment.py b/addons/hr_recruitment/hr_recruitment.py
index bc38e9444ee..7aebc3ef268 100644
--- a/addons/hr_recruitment/hr_recruitment.py
+++ b/addons/hr_recruitment/hr_recruitment.py
@@ -82,8 +82,6 @@ class hr_applicant(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
     _inherit = ['mailgate.thread']
 
     def _compute_day(self, cr, uid, ids, fields, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         """
         @param cr: the current row, from the database cursor,
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
@@ -165,8 +163,6 @@ class hr_applicant(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
     }
 
     def _get_stage(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         ids = self.pool.get('hr.recruitment.stage').search(cr, uid, [], context=context)
         return ids and ids[0] or False
 
@@ -181,8 +177,6 @@ class hr_applicant(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
     }
 
     def onchange_job(self,cr, uid, ids, job, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
 
         if job:
@@ -305,8 +299,6 @@ class hr_applicant(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         """
         mailgate_pool = self.pool.get('email.server.tools')
         attach_obj = self.pool.get('ir.attachment')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         subject = msg.get('subject')
         body = msg.get('body')
@@ -349,8 +341,6 @@ class hr_applicant(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
         @param ids: List of update mail’s IDs
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         if isinstance(ids, (str, int, long)):
             ids = [ids]
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet/hr_timesheet.py b/addons/hr_timesheet/hr_timesheet.py
index e03b7f93b3b..65310cd59ac 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet/hr_timesheet.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet/hr_timesheet.py
@@ -70,8 +70,6 @@ class hr_analytic_timesheet(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         toremove = {}
         for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             toremove[obj.line_id.id] = True
@@ -80,8 +78,6 @@ class hr_analytic_timesheet(osv.osv):
 
 
     def on_change_unit_amount(self, cr, uid, id, prod_id, unit_amount, company_id, unit=False, journal_id=False, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {'value':{}}
         if prod_id and unit_amount:
             # find company
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_employee.py b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_employee.py
index 9d00cbe26cb..9775a8518ff 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_employee.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_employee.py
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@ class analytical_timesheet_employee(osv.osv_memory):
     def _get_user(self, cr, uid, context=None):
 
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = emp_obj.search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if not emp_id:
             raise osv.except_osv(_("Warning"), _("No employee defined for this user"))
@@ -51,8 +49,6 @@ class analytical_timesheet_employee(osv.osv_memory):
              }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': [],
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_users.py b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_users.py
index 53d4427482f..865ccacb393 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_users.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_print_users.py
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class analytical_timesheet_employees(osv.osv_memory):
              }
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         datas = {
              'ids': [],
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_sign_in_out.py b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_sign_in_out.py
index cf1e10bce37..596076cf336 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_sign_in_out.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet/wizard/hr_timesheet_sign_in_out.py
@@ -40,16 +40,12 @@ class hr_so_project(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def _get_empid(self, cr, uid, context=None):
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_ids = emp_obj.search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if emp_ids:
             for employee in emp_obj.browse(cr, uid, emp_ids, context=context):
                 return {'name': employee.name, 'state': employee.state, 'emp_id': emp_ids[0], 'server_date':time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}
 
     def _get_empid2(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = self._get_empid(cr, uid, context=context)
         cr.execute('select name,action from hr_attendance where employee_id=%s order by name desc limit 1', (res['emp_id'],))
 
@@ -61,8 +57,6 @@ class hr_so_project(osv.osv_memory):
         return res
 
     def default_get(self, cr, uid, fields_list, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(hr_so_project, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields_list, context=context)
         res.update(self._get_empid2(cr, uid, context=context))
         return res
@@ -94,8 +88,6 @@ class hr_so_project(osv.osv_memory):
         return timesheet_obj.create(cr, uid, res, context=context)
 
     def sign_out_result_end(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
         for data in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             emp_id = data.emp_id.id
@@ -104,8 +96,6 @@ class hr_so_project(osv.osv_memory):
         return {}
 
     def sign_out_result(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
         for data in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             emp_id = data.emp_id.id
@@ -137,8 +127,6 @@ class hr_si_project(osv.osv_memory):
         @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = emp_obj.search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if not emp_id:
             raise osv.except_osv(_('UserError'), _('No employee defined for your user !'))
@@ -146,8 +134,6 @@ class hr_si_project(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def check_state(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         obj_model = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_id = self.default_get(cr, uid, context)['emp_id']
         # get the latest action (sign_in or out) for this employee
         cr.execute('select action from hr_attendance where employee_id=%s and action in (\'sign_in\',\'sign_out\') order by name desc limit 1', (emp_id,))
@@ -168,8 +154,6 @@ class hr_si_project(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def sign_in_result(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for data in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             emp_id = data.emp_id.id
             emp_obj.attendance_action_change(cr, uid, [emp_id], type = 'sign_in' ,dt=data.date or False)
@@ -177,8 +161,6 @@ class hr_si_project(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def default_get(self, cr, uid, fields_list, context=None):
         res = super(hr_si_project, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields_list, context=context)
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         emp_obj = self.pool.get('hr.employee')
         emp_id = emp_obj.search(cr, uid, [('user_id', '=', uid)], context=context)
         if emp_id:
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/hr_timesheet_invoice.py b/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/hr_timesheet_invoice.py
index 6d022a3c926..54d82ed2c79 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/hr_timesheet_invoice.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/hr_timesheet_invoice.py
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@ hr_timesheet_invoice_factor()
 class account_analytic_account(osv.osv):
     def _invoiced_calc(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
         obj_invoice = self.pool.get('account.invoice')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
 
         cr.execute('SELECT account_id as account_id, l.invoice_id '
@@ -90,14 +88,10 @@ class account_analytic_line(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def unlink(self, cursor, user, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return super(account_analytic_line,self).unlink(cursor, user, ids,
                 context=context)
 
     def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self._check_inv(cr, uid, ids, vals)
         return super(account_analytic_line,self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals,
                 context=context)
@@ -114,8 +108,6 @@ class account_analytic_line(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def copy(self, cursor, user, obj_id, default=None, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if default is None:
             default = {}
         default = default.copy()
@@ -144,8 +136,6 @@ class hr_analytic_timesheet(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def copy(self, cursor, user, obj_id, default=None, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if default is None:
             default = {}
         default = default.copy()
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/wizard/hr_timesheet_analytic_profit.py b/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/wizard/hr_timesheet_analytic_profit.py
index 4630ea1e833..068119c44a1 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/wizard/hr_timesheet_analytic_profit.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet_invoice/wizard/hr_timesheet_analytic_profit.py
@@ -46,8 +46,6 @@ class account_analytic_profit(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def print_report(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         line_obj = self.pool.get('account.analytic.line')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = {}
         data['form'] = self.read(cr, uid , ids, [], context=context)[0]
         ids_chk = line_obj.search(cr, uid, [
diff --git a/addons/hr_timesheet_sheet/hr_timesheet_sheet.py b/addons/hr_timesheet_sheet/hr_timesheet_sheet.py
index ddaba6ebdf9..e3ddd4fed6a 100644
--- a/addons/hr_timesheet_sheet/hr_timesheet_sheet.py
+++ b/addons/hr_timesheet_sheet/hr_timesheet_sheet.py
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
 
     def _total_day(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cr.execute('SELECT sheet.id, day.total_attendance, day.total_timesheet, day.total_difference\
                 FROM hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet AS sheet \
                 LEFT JOIN hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet_day AS day \
@@ -133,8 +131,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
 
     def _total(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cr.execute('SELECT s.id, COALESCE(SUM(d.total_attendance),0), COALESCE(SUM(d.total_timesheet),0), COALESCE(SUM(d.total_difference),0) \
                 FROM hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet s \
                     LEFT JOIN hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet_day d \
@@ -152,8 +148,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         result = {}
         link_emp = {}
         emp_ids = []
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             result[sheet.id] = 'none'
@@ -195,8 +189,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return super(hr_timesheet_sheet, self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, *args, **argv)
 
     def button_confirm(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             self.check_employee_attendance_state(cr, uid, sheet.id, context)
             di = sheet.user_id.company_id.timesheet_max_difference
@@ -208,8 +200,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def date_today(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if datetime.today() <= datetime.strptime(sheet.date_from, '%Y-%m-%d'):
                 self.write(cr, uid, [sheet.id], {'date_current': sheet.date_from,}, context=context)
@@ -220,8 +210,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def date_previous(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if datetime.strptime(sheet.date_current, '%Y-%m-%d') <= datetime.strptime(sheet.date_from, '%Y-%m-%d'):
                 self.write(cr, uid, [sheet.id], {'date_current': sheet.date_from,}, context=context)
@@ -232,8 +220,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def date_next(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if datetime.strptime(sheet.date_current, '%Y-%m-%d') >= datetime.strptime(sheet.date_to, '%Y-%m-%d'):
                 self.write(cr, uid, [sheet.id], {'date_current': sheet.date_to,}, context=context)
@@ -244,8 +230,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def button_dummy(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for sheet in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if datetime.strptime(sheet.date_current, '%Y-%m-%d') <= datetime.strptime(sheet.date_from, '%Y-%m-%d'):
                 self.write(cr, uid, [sheet.id], {'date_current': sheet.date_from,}, context=context)
@@ -312,8 +296,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def _default_date_from(self,cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         user = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context)
         r = user.company_id and user.company_id.timesheet_range or 'month'
         if r=='month':
@@ -381,8 +363,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not len(ids):
             return []
         return [(r['id'], r['date_from'] + ' - ' + r['date_to']) \
@@ -390,8 +370,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_sheet(osv.osv):
                     context=context, load='_classic_write')]
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         sheets = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state','total_attendance'], context=context)
         for sheet in sheets:
             if sheet['state'] in ('confirm', 'done'):
@@ -415,8 +393,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_line(osv.osv):
 
     def _sheet(self, cursor, user, ids, name, args, context=None):
         sheet_obj = self.pool.get('hr_timesheet_sheet.sheet')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cursor.execute('SELECT l.id, COALESCE(MAX(s.id), 0) \
                 FROM hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet s \
                     LEFT JOIN (hr_analytic_timesheet l \
@@ -441,8 +417,6 @@ class hr_timesheet_line(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _sheet_search(self, cursor, user, obj, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not len(args):
             return []
         sheet_obj = self.pool.get('hr_timesheet_sheet.sheet')
@@ -537,8 +511,6 @@ class hr_attendance(osv.osv):
         return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
 
     def _sheet(self, cursor, user, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         sheet_obj = self.pool.get('hr_timesheet_sheet.sheet')
         cursor.execute("SELECT a.id, COALESCE(MAX(s.id), 0) \
                 FROM hr_timesheet_sheet_sheet s \
@@ -569,8 +541,6 @@ class hr_attendance(osv.osv):
             return []
 
         sheet_obj = self.pool.get('hr_timesheet_sheet.sheet')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         i = 0
         while i < len(args):
             fargs = args[i][0].split('.', 1)
diff --git a/addons/idea/wizard/idea_post_vote.py b/addons/idea/wizard/idea_post_vote.py
index a4f179eedbb..712f84d4053 100644
--- a/addons/idea/wizard/idea_post_vote.py
+++ b/addons/idea/wizard/idea_post_vote.py
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class idea_post_vote(osv.osv_memory):
         idea_pool = self.pool.get('idea.idea')
         comment_pool = self.pool.get('idea.comment')
 
-        for do_vote_obj in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for do_vote_obj in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             score = str(do_vote_obj['vote'])
             comment = do_vote_obj.get('note', False)
             vote = {
diff --git a/addons/mail_gateway/mail_gateway.py b/addons/mail_gateway/mail_gateway.py
index e1ef873275f..ed5489fda79 100644
--- a/addons/mail_gateway/mail_gateway.py
+++ b/addons/mail_gateway/mail_gateway.py
@@ -54,8 +54,6 @@ class mailgate_thread(osv.osv):
         @param default: Dictionary of default values for copy.
         @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if default is None:
             default = {}
 
diff --git a/addons/marketing_campaign/marketing_campaign.py b/addons/marketing_campaign/marketing_campaign.py
index 5222e2b0868..041515da436 100644
--- a/addons/marketing_campaign/marketing_campaign.py
+++ b/addons/marketing_campaign/marketing_campaign.py
@@ -562,8 +562,6 @@ class marketing_campaign_workitem(osv.osv):
 
     def _resource_search(self, cr, uid, obj, name, args, domain=None, context=None):
         """Returns id of workitem whose resource_name matches  with the given name"""
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not len(args):
             return []
 
diff --git a/addons/membership/membership.py b/addons/membership/membership.py
index 5f9a9e6ee66..7353ac33336 100644
--- a/addons/membership/membership.py
+++ b/addons/membership/membership.py
@@ -385,8 +385,6 @@ class Partner(osv.osv):
     def copy(self, cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None):
         if default is None:
             default = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         default = default.copy()
         default['member_lines'] = []
         return super(Partner, self).copy(cr, uid, id, default, context=context)
@@ -401,8 +399,6 @@ class Partner(osv.osv):
         invoice_tax_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice.tax')
         product_id = product_id or datas.get('membership_product_id', False)
         amount = datas.get('amount', 0.0)
-        if context is None:
-            context={}
         invoice_list = []
         if type(ids) in (int, long,):
             ids = [ids]
@@ -513,8 +509,6 @@ class account_invoice_line(osv.osv):
     def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
         """Overrides orm write method
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context={}
         member_line_obj = self.pool.get('membership.membership_line')
         res = super(account_invoice_line, self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context=context)
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -543,8 +537,6 @@ class account_invoice_line(osv.osv):
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         """Remove Membership Line Record for Account Invoice Line
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context={}
         member_line_obj = self.pool.get('membership.membership_line')
         for id in ids:
             ml_ids = member_line_obj.search(cr, uid, [('account_invoice_line', '=', id)], context=context)
diff --git a/addons/mrp/mrp.py b/addons/mrp/mrp.py
index 3cbfadf2720..135d5007f90 100644
--- a/addons/mrp/mrp.py
+++ b/addons/mrp/mrp.py
@@ -641,8 +641,6 @@ class mrp_production(osv.osv):
         @param production_mode: specify production mode (consume/consume&produce).
         @return: True
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         stock_mov_obj = self.pool.get('stock.move')
         production = self.browse(cr, uid, production_id, context=context)
         
diff --git a/addons/mrp_repair/mrp_repair.py b/addons/mrp_repair/mrp_repair.py
index d4fdf0adbc9..f2ffd87c095 100644
--- a/addons/mrp_repair/mrp_repair.py
+++ b/addons/mrp_repair/mrp_repair.py
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ class mrp_repair(osv.osv):
         """ Writes repair order state to 'Ready' if invoice method is Before repair.
         @return: True
         """
-        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             val = {}
             if (order.invoice_method == 'b4repair'):
                 val['state'] = 'ready'
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ class mrp_repair(osv.osv):
         After repair else state is set to 'Ready'.
         @return: True
         """
-        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             val = {}
             val['repaired'] = True
             if (not order.invoiced and order.invoice_method=='after_repair'):
diff --git a/addons/point_of_sale/account_bank_statement.py b/addons/point_of_sale/account_bank_statement.py
index edcf8573451..706cd50a84b 100644
--- a/addons/point_of_sale/account_bank_statement.py
+++ b/addons/point_of_sale/account_bank_statement.py
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
     _inherit = 'account.bank.statement'
 
     def _equal_balance(self, cr, uid, cash_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         statement = self.browse(cr, uid, cash_id, context=context)
         if not statement.journal_id.check_dtls:
             return True
@@ -52,8 +50,6 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
             return True
 
     def _user_allow(self, cr, uid, statement_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         statement = self.browse(cr, uid, statement_id, context=context)
         if (not statement.journal_id.journal_users) and uid == 1: return True
         for user in statement.journal_id.journal_users:
@@ -62,8 +58,6 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
         return False
 
     def _get_cash_open_box_lines(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(account_cash_statement,self)._get_cash_open_box_lines(cr, uid, context)
         curr = [0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50]
         for rs in curr:
@@ -76,8 +70,6 @@ class account_cash_statement(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _get_default_cash_close_box_lines(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(account_cash_statement,self)._get_default_cash_close_box_lines(cr, uid, context=context)
         curr = [0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50]
         for rs in curr:
diff --git a/addons/point_of_sale/point_of_sale.py b/addons/point_of_sale/point_of_sale.py
index fa2de26f4e8..71333fc7c9d 100644
--- a/addons/point_of_sale/point_of_sale.py
+++ b/addons/point_of_sale/point_of_sale.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class pos_order(osv.osv):
         @return: Dictionary of values """
         res = {}
         val = None
-        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             cr.execute("SELECT date_validation FROM pos_order WHERE id = %s", (order.id,))
             date_p = cr.fetchone()
             date_p = date_p and date_p[0] or None
diff --git a/addons/procurement/procurement.py b/addons/procurement/procurement.py
index 84413116222..7a7fc4530c5 100644
--- a/addons/procurement/procurement.py
+++ b/addons/procurement/procurement.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class procurement_order(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        procurements = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'])
+        procurements = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'], context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
         for s in procurements:
             if s['state'] in ['draft','cancel']:
diff --git a/addons/product/pricelist.py b/addons/product/pricelist.py
index 04228bb7e5c..e2c4f6735b2 100644
--- a/addons/product/pricelist.py
+++ b/addons/product/pricelist.py
@@ -307,7 +307,8 @@ class product_pricelist(osv.osv):
         '''
         price = False
         item_id = 0
-        context = context or {}
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         currency_obj = self.pool.get('res.currency')
         product_obj = self.pool.get('product.product')
         supplierinfo_obj = self.pool.get('product.supplierinfo')
diff --git a/addons/product_expiry/product_expiry.py b/addons/product_expiry/product_expiry.py
index fb53d9d0c03..4497ca71957 100644
--- a/addons/product_expiry/product_expiry.py
+++ b/addons/product_expiry/product_expiry.py
@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ class stock_production_lot(osv.osv):
         for f in ('life_date', 'use_date', 'removal_date', 'alert_date'):
             if not getattr(obj, f):
                 towrite.append(f)
-        context = context or {}
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         context['product_id'] = obj.product_id.id
         self.write(cr, uid, [obj.id], self.default_get(cr, uid, towrite, context=context))
         return newid
diff --git a/addons/product_margin/wizard/product_margin.py b/addons/product_margin/wizard/product_margin.py
index d5b502d0545..c1430566abe 100644
--- a/addons/product_margin/wizard/product_margin.py
+++ b/addons/product_margin/wizard/product_margin.py
@@ -49,11 +49,9 @@ class product_margin(osv.osv_memory):
 
             @return:
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         mod_obj = self.pool.get('ir.model.data')
         result = mod_obj._get_id(cr, uid, 'product', 'product_search_form_view')
-        id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, result, ['res_id'])
+        id = mod_obj.read(cr, uid, result, ['res_id'], context=context)
         cr.execute('select id,name from ir_ui_view where name=%s and type=%s', ('product.margin.graph', 'graph'))
         view_res3 = cr.fetchone()[0]
         cr.execute('select id,name from ir_ui_view where name=%s and type=%s', ('product.margin.form.inherit', 'form'))
diff --git a/addons/project/project.py b/addons/project/project.py
index d2382d75053..1df4b0dca96 100644
--- a/addons/project/project.py
+++ b/addons/project/project.py
@@ -104,16 +104,12 @@ class project(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _get_project_task(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         for task in self.pool.get('project.task').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if task.project_id: result[task.project_id.id] = True
         return result.keys()
 
     def _get_project_work(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         for work in self.pool.get('project.task.work').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if work.task_id and work.task_id.project_id: result[work.task_id.project_id.id] = True
@@ -382,8 +378,6 @@ class task(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _get_task(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         for work in self.pool.get('project.task.work').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if work.task_id: result[work.task_id.id] = True
@@ -537,8 +531,6 @@ class task(osv.osv):
         """
         Close Task
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         request = self.pool.get('res.request')
         for task in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             project = task.project_id
@@ -569,8 +561,6 @@ class task(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def do_reopen(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         request = self.pool.get('res.request')
 
         for task in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -629,8 +619,6 @@ class task(osv.osv):
         """
         Delegate Task to another users.
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         task = self.browse(cr, uid, task_id, context=context)
         new_task_id = self.copy(cr, uid, task.id, {
             'name': delegate_data['name'],
diff --git a/addons/project/wizard/project_task_delegate.py b/addons/project/wizard/project_task_delegate.py
index 61fec536e50..72b32f7db68 100644
--- a/addons/project/wizard/project_task_delegate.py
+++ b/addons/project/wizard/project_task_delegate.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class project_task_delegate(osv.osv_memory):
     def fields_view_get(self, cr, uid, view_id=None, view_type='form', context=None, toolbar=False, submenu=False):
         res = super(project_task_delegate, self).fields_view_get(cr, uid, view_id, view_type, context, toolbar, submenu=submenu)
         users_pool = self.pool.get('res.users')
-        obj_tm = users_pool.browse(cr, uid, uid, context).company_id.project_time_mode_id
+        obj_tm = users_pool.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.project_time_mode_id
         tm = obj_tm and obj_tm.name or 'Hours'
         if tm in ['Hours','Hour']:
             return res
diff --git a/addons/project_gtd/wizard/project_gtd_fill.py b/addons/project_gtd/wizard/project_gtd_fill.py
index 332a7f072a8..db0d7187500 100644
--- a/addons/project_gtd/wizard/project_gtd_fill.py
+++ b/addons/project_gtd/wizard/project_gtd_fill.py
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ class project_timebox_fill(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def _get_from_tb(self, cr, uid, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         ids = self.pool.get('project.gtd.timebox').search(cr, uid, [], context=context)
         return ids and ids[0] or False
 
@@ -50,11 +48,9 @@ class project_timebox_fill(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def process(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not ids:
             return {}
-        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [])
+        data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)
         if not data[0]['task_ids']:
             return {}
         self.pool.get('project.task').write(cr, uid, data[0]['task_ids'], {'timebox_id':data[0]['timebox_to_id']})
diff --git a/addons/project_issue/project_issue.py b/addons/project_issue/project_issue.py
index 9e8c5aa7863..dc272404688 100644
--- a/addons/project_issue/project_issue.py
+++ b/addons/project_issue/project_issue.py
@@ -78,8 +78,6 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _compute_day(self, cr, uid, ids, fields, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         """
         @param cr: the current row, from the database cursor,
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks,
@@ -143,8 +141,6 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _get_issue_task(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         issues = []
         issue_pool = self.pool.get('project.issue')
         for task in self.pool.get('project.task').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -152,8 +148,6 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         return issues
 
     def _get_issue_work(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         issues = []
         issue_pool = self.pool.get('project.issue')
         for work in self.pool.get('project.task.work').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -339,8 +333,6 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
 
 
     def onchange_task_id(self, cr, uid, ids, task_id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         if not task_id:
             return {'value':{}}
@@ -378,7 +370,8 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         @param cr: the current row, from the database cursor,
         @param uid: the current user’s ID for security checks
         """
-        if context is None: context = {}
+        if context is None: 
+            context = {}
         mailgate_pool = self.pool.get('email.server.tools')
 
         subject = msg.get('subject') or _('No Title')
@@ -418,8 +411,6 @@ class project_issue(crm.crm_case, osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def message_update(self, cr, uid, ids, vals={}, msg="", default_act='pending', context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         """
         @param self: The object pointer
         @param cr: the current row, from the database cursor,
diff --git a/addons/project_long_term/project_long_term.py b/addons/project_long_term/project_long_term.py
index 7094eb80512..4640ea8fa48 100644
--- a/addons/project_long_term/project_long_term.py
+++ b/addons/project_long_term/project_long_term.py
@@ -153,8 +153,6 @@ class project_phase(osv.osv):
         return {'value': result}
 
     def _check_date_start(self, cr, uid, phase, date_end, context=None):
-       if context is None:
-            context = {}
        """
        Check And Compute date_end of phase if change in date_start < older time.
        """
@@ -175,8 +173,6 @@ class project_phase(osv.osv):
        self.write(cr, uid, [phase.id], {'date_start': dt_start, 'date_end': date_end.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}, context=context)
 
     def _check_date_end(self, cr, uid, phase, date_start, context=None):
-       if context is None:
-            context = {}
        """
        Check And Compute date_end of phase if change in date_end > older time.
        """
@@ -277,8 +273,6 @@ class project_phase(osv.osv):
         Return a list of  Resource Class objects for the resources allocated to the phase.
         """
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         resource_pool = self.pool.get('resource.resource')
         for phase in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             user_ids = map(lambda x:x.resource_id.user_id.id, phase.resource_ids)
@@ -299,8 +293,6 @@ class project_phase(osv.osv):
         resource_pool = self.pool.get('resource.resource')
         resource_allocation_pool = self.pool.get('project.resource.allocation')
         uom_pool = self.pool.get('product.uom')
-        if context is None:
-           context = {}
         default_uom_id = self._get_default_uom_id(cr, uid)
         for phase in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if not phase.responsible_id:
@@ -366,8 +358,6 @@ class project_phase(osv.osv):
         """
         task_pool = self.pool.get('project.task')
         resource_pool = self.pool.get('resource.resource')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         resources_list = self.generate_resources(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         return_msg = {}
         for phase in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -431,8 +421,6 @@ class project(osv.osv):
         """
         res = {}
         resource_pool = self.pool.get('resource.resource')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for project in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             user_ids = map(lambda x:x.id, project.members)
             calendar_id  = project.resource_calendar_id and project.resource_calendar_id.id or False
@@ -444,8 +432,6 @@ class project(osv.osv):
         """
         Schedule the phases.
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if type(ids) in (long, int,):
             ids = [ids]
         phase_pool = self.pool.get('project.phase')
@@ -471,9 +457,6 @@ class project(osv.osv):
         user_pool = self.pool.get('res.users')
         task_pool = self.pool.get('project.task')
         resource_pool = self.pool.get('resource.resource')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
-
         resources_list = self.generate_members(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         return_msg = {}
         for project in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
diff --git a/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_compute_phases.py b/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_compute_phases.py
index ade1da5c9d9..351297384fd 100644
--- a/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_compute_phases.py
+++ b/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_compute_phases.py
@@ -44,8 +44,6 @@ class project_compute_phases(osv.osv_memory):
         """
         Compute the phases for scheduling.
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         project_pool = self.pool.get('project.project')
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         if not data['project_id'] and data['target_project'] == 'one':
diff --git a/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_schedule_tasks.py b/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_schedule_tasks.py
index 48039112e86..1a9081b1f5d 100644
--- a/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_schedule_tasks.py
+++ b/addons/project_long_term/wizard/project_schedule_tasks.py
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ class project_schedule_task(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def default_get(self, cr, uid, fields_list, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = super(project_schedule_task, self).default_get(cr, uid, fields_list, context)
         self.compute_date(cr, uid, context=context)
         return res
diff --git a/addons/project_mrp/project_procurement.py b/addons/project_mrp/project_procurement.py
index cb2b2f8d6a0..7e7978eda59 100644
--- a/addons/project_mrp/project_procurement.py
+++ b/addons/project_mrp/project_procurement.py
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ class procurement_order(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def action_produce_assign_service(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for procurement in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             self.write(cr, uid, [procurement.id], {'state': 'running'})
             planned_hours = procurement.product_qty
diff --git a/addons/project_planning/project_planning.py b/addons/project_planning/project_planning.py
index aefceedd64b..dc89bcd4d31 100644
--- a/addons/project_planning/project_planning.py
+++ b/addons/project_planning/project_planning.py
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning(osv.osv):
     _description = "Planning"
 
     def _child_compute(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         obj_dept = self.pool.get('hr.department')
         obj_user = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
@@ -100,8 +98,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning(osv.osv):
         return result
 
     def _check_planning_responsible(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for obj_plan in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             cr.execute("""
                 SELECT id FROM report_account_analytic_planning plan
@@ -149,26 +145,18 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning(osv.osv):
     ]
 
     def action_open(self, cr, uid, id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, id, {'state' : 'open'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def action_cancel(self, cr, uid, id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, id, {'state' : 'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def action_draft(self, cr, uid, id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, id, {'state' : 'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def action_done(self, cr, uid, id, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, id, {'state' : 'done'}, context=context)
         return True
 
@@ -180,8 +168,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_line(osv.osv):
     _rec_name = 'user_id'
 
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not len(ids):
             return []
         reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['user_id', 'planning_id', 'note'], context=context)
@@ -198,8 +184,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_line(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _amount_base_uom(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.planning_time_mode_id
@@ -262,8 +246,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_user(osv.osv):
     _auto = False
 
     def _get_tasks(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.project_time_mode_id
@@ -288,8 +270,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_user(osv.osv):
         return result
 
     def _get_free(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if line.user_id:
@@ -299,8 +279,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_user(osv.osv):
         return result
 
     def _get_timesheets(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm2 = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.planning_time_mode_id
@@ -410,8 +388,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_account(osv.osv):
     _auto = False
 
     def _get_tasks(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.project_time_mode_id
@@ -437,8 +413,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_account(osv.osv):
         return result
 
     def _get_timesheets(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm2 = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.planning_time_mode_id
@@ -511,8 +485,6 @@ class report_account_analytic_planning_stat(osv.osv):
     _order = 'planning_id,user_id'
 
     def _sum_amount_real(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm2 = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.planning_time_mode_id
@@ -534,8 +506,6 @@ WHERE user_id=%s and account_id=%s and date>=%s and date<=%s''', (line.user_id.i
         return result
 
     def _sum_amount_tasks(self, cr, uid, ids, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         users_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
         result = {}
         tm = users_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.project_time_mode_id
diff --git a/addons/project_scrum/project_scrum.py b/addons/project_scrum/project_scrum.py
index 95baff34f95..7d1d071a7c3 100644
--- a/addons/project_scrum/project_scrum.py
+++ b/addons/project_scrum/project_scrum.py
@@ -70,20 +70,14 @@ class project_scrum_sprint(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def button_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_open(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'open'}, context=context)
         for (id, name) in self.name_get(cr, uid, ids):
             message = _("The sprint '%s' has been opened.") % (name,)
@@ -91,8 +85,6 @@ class project_scrum_sprint(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def button_close(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'done'}, context=context)
         for (id, name) in self.name_get(cr, uid, ids):
             message = _("The sprint '%s' has been closed.") % (name,)
@@ -100,8 +92,6 @@ class project_scrum_sprint(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def button_pending(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'pending'}, context=context)
         return True
 
@@ -134,8 +124,6 @@ class project_scrum_sprint(osv.osv):
         @param ids: List of case’s IDs
         @param context: A standard dictionary for contextual values
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if default is None:
             default = {}
         default.update({'backlog_ids': [], 'meeting_ids': []})
@@ -171,8 +159,6 @@ class project_scrum_product_backlog(osv.osv):
         progress = {}
         if not ids:
             return res
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for backlog in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             tot = 0.0
             prog = 0.0
@@ -195,28 +181,20 @@ class project_scrum_product_backlog(osv.osv):
 
     def button_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         obj_project_task = self.pool.get('project.task')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'cancel'}, context=context)
         for backlog in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             obj_project_task.write(cr, uid, [i.id for i in backlog.tasks_id], {'state': 'cancelled'})
         return True
 
     def button_draft(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'draft'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_open(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'open'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_close(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         obj_project_task = self.pool.get('project.task')
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'done'}, context=context)
         for backlog in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -224,14 +202,10 @@ class project_scrum_product_backlog(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def button_pending(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state':'pending'}, context=context)
         return True
 
     def button_postpone(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for product in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             tasks_id = []
             for task in product.tasks_id:
@@ -276,8 +250,6 @@ class project_scrum_task(osv.osv):
 
     def _get_task(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         result = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for line in self.pool.get('project.scrum.product.backlog').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             for task in line.tasks_id:
                 result[task.id] = True
@@ -322,8 +294,6 @@ class project_scrum_meeting(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def button_send_to_master(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         meeting_id = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         if meeting_id and meeting_id.sprint_id.scrum_master_id.user_email:
             res = self.email_send(cr, uid, ids, meeting_id.sprint_id.scrum_master_id.user_email)
@@ -347,8 +317,6 @@ class project_scrum_meeting(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def email_send(self, cr, uid, ids, email, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         email_from = tools.config.get('email_from', False)
         meeting_id = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0]
         user = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context)
diff --git a/addons/project_scrum/wizard/project_scrum_backlog_create_task.py b/addons/project_scrum/wizard/project_scrum_backlog_create_task.py
index 827c88b0630..afa4f40a5f8 100644
--- a/addons/project_scrum/wizard/project_scrum_backlog_create_task.py
+++ b/addons/project_scrum/wizard/project_scrum_backlog_create_task.py
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ class backlog_create_task(osv.osv_memory):
         document_pool = self.pool.get('ir.attachment')
         ids_task = []
 
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         data = self.read(cr, uid, ids, [], context=context)[0]
         backlogs = backlog_id.browse(cr, uid, context['active_ids'], context=context)
         result = mod_obj._get_id(cr, uid, 'project', 'view_task_search_form')
diff --git a/addons/purchase/purchase.py b/addons/purchase/purchase.py
index 7a7dcc64860..79bc59759ae 100644
--- a/addons/purchase/purchase.py
+++ b/addons/purchase/purchase.py
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class purchase_order(osv.osv):
     _order = "name desc"
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        purchase_orders = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'])
+        purchase_orders = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'], context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
         for s in purchase_orders:
             if s['state'] in ['draft','cancel']:
diff --git a/addons/report_webkit/wizard/report_webkit_actions.py b/addons/report_webkit/wizard/report_webkit_actions.py
index 249dd0222d7..a287fd24906 100644
--- a/addons/report_webkit/wizard/report_webkit_actions.py
+++ b/addons/report_webkit/wizard/report_webkit_actions.py
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class report_webkit_actions(osv.osv_memory):
         
         return res
 
-    def do_action(self, cr, uid, ids, context):
+    def do_action(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         """ This Function Open added Action.
          @param self: The object pointer.
          @param cr: A database cursor
@@ -93,9 +93,11 @@ class report_webkit_actions(osv.osv_memory):
          @param ids: List of report.webkit.actions's ID
          @param context: A standard dictionary 
          @return: Dictionary of ir.values form.
-        """        
+        """
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}        
         report_obj = self.pool.get('ir.actions.report.xml')
-        for current in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for current in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             report = report_obj.browse(
                                                         cr, 
                                                         uid, 
diff --git a/addons/resource/resource.py b/addons/resource/resource.py
index c304fab26d5..d77b2505f20 100644
--- a/addons/resource/resource.py
+++ b/addons/resource/resource.py
@@ -250,8 +250,6 @@ class resource_resource(osv.osv):
         """
         Return a list of  Resource Class objects for the resources allocated to the phase.
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         resource_objs = []
         user_pool = self.pool.get('res.users')
         for user in user_pool.browse(cr, uid, user_ids, context=context):
@@ -281,8 +279,6 @@ class resource_resource(osv.osv):
         @param resource_id : resource working on phase/task
         @param resource_calendar : working calendar of the resource
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         resource_calendar_leaves_pool = self.pool.get('resource.calendar.leaves')
         leave_list = []
         if resource_id:
@@ -308,8 +304,6 @@ class resource_resource(osv.osv):
         Change the format of working calendar from 'Openerp' format to bring it into 'Faces' format.
         @param calendar_id : working calendar of the project
         """
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         resource_attendance_pool = self.pool.get('resource.calendar.attendance')
         time_range = "8:00-8:00"
         non_working = ""
diff --git a/addons/sale/sale.py b/addons/sale/sale.py
index 66d7c1ac56a..8dd4370f75f 100644
--- a/addons/sale/sale.py
+++ b/addons/sale/sale.py
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
     _description = "Sale Order"
 
     def copy(self, cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not default:
             default = {}
         default.update({
@@ -65,8 +63,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return super(sale_order, self).copy(cr, uid, id, default, context=context)
 
     def _amount_line_tax(self, cr, uid, line, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         val = 0.0
         for c in self.pool.get('account.tax').compute_all(cr, uid, line.tax_id, line.price_unit * (1-(line.discount or 0.0)/100.0), line.product_uom_qty, line.order_id.partner_invoice_id.id, line.product_id, line.order_id.partner_id)['taxes']:
             val += c.get('amount', 0.0)
@@ -74,8 +70,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
 
     def _amount_all(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
         cur_obj = self.pool.get('res.currency')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             res[order.id] = {
@@ -95,8 +89,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
 
     # This is False
     def _picked_rate(self, cr, uid, ids, name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not ids:
             return {}
         res = {}
@@ -131,8 +123,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _invoiced_rate(self, cursor, user, ids, name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         for sale in self.browse(cursor, user, ids, context=context):
             if sale.invoiced:
@@ -149,8 +139,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _invoiced(self, cursor, user, ids, name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         for sale in self.browse(cursor, user, ids, context=context):
             res[sale.id] = True
@@ -163,8 +151,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _invoiced_search(self, cursor, user, obj, name, args, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not len(args):
             return []
         clause = ''
@@ -195,8 +181,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return [('id', 'in', [x[0] for x in res])]
 
     def _get_order(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         result = {}
         for line in self.pool.get('sale.order.line').browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             result[line.order_id.id] = True
@@ -294,8 +278,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
 
     # Form filling
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         sale_orders = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['state'], context=context)
         unlink_ids = []
         for s in sale_orders:
@@ -355,8 +337,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return {'value': val}
 
     def shipping_policy_change(self, cr, uid, ids, policy, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not policy:
             return {}
         inv_qty = 'order'
@@ -367,8 +347,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return {'value': {'invoice_quantity': inv_qty}}
 
     def write(self, cr, uid, ids, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if vals.get('order_policy', False):
             if vals['order_policy'] == 'prepaid':
                 vals.update({'invoice_quantity': 'order'})
@@ -377,8 +355,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return super(sale_order, self).write(cr, uid, ids, vals, context=context)
 
     def create(self, cr, uid, vals, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if vals.get('order_policy', False):
             if vals['order_policy'] == 'prepaid':
                 vals.update({'invoice_quantity': 'order'})
@@ -387,8 +363,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return super(sale_order, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context=context)
 
     def button_dummy(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return True
 
     #FIXME: the method should return the list of invoices created (invoice_ids)
@@ -396,8 +370,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
     # cannot change it directly since the method is called by the sale order
     # workflow and I suppose it expects a single id...
     def _inv_get(self, cr, uid, order, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return {}
 
     def _make_invoice(self, cr, uid, order, lines, context=None):
@@ -495,7 +467,7 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         # last day of the last month as invoice date
         if date_inv:
             context['date_inv'] = date_inv
-        for o in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for o in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             lines = []
             for line in o.order_line:
                 if line.invoiced:
@@ -506,7 +478,7 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
             if created_lines:
                 invoices.setdefault(o.partner_id.id, []).append((o, created_lines))
         if not invoices:
-            for o in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+            for o in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
                 for i in o.invoice_ids:
                     if i.state == 'draft':
                         return i.id
@@ -534,7 +506,7 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
     def action_invoice_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
-        for sale in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for sale in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             for line in sale.order_line:
                 #
                 # Check if the line is invoiced (has asociated invoice
@@ -762,8 +734,6 @@ class sale_order(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def action_ship_end(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for order in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             val = {'shipped': True}
             if order.state == 'shipping_except':
@@ -823,7 +793,8 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         tax_obj = self.pool.get('account.tax')
         cur_obj = self.pool.get('res.currency')
         res = {}
-        context = context or {}
+        if context is None:
+            context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             price = line.price_unit * (1 - (line.discount or 0.0) / 100.0)
             taxes = tax_obj.compute_all(cr, uid, line.tax_id, price, line.product_uom_qty, line.order_id.partner_invoice_id.id, line.product_id, line.order_id.partner_id)
@@ -832,8 +803,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def _number_packages(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         res = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             try:
@@ -967,8 +936,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         return create_ids
 
     def button_cancel(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if line.invoiced:
                 raise osv.except_osv(_('Invalid action !'), _('You cannot cancel a sale order line that has already been invoiced !'))
@@ -980,13 +947,9 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         return self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state': 'cancel'})
 
     def button_confirm(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state': 'confirmed'})
 
     def button_done(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         wf_service = netsvc.LocalService("workflow")
         res = self.write(cr, uid, ids, {'state': 'done'})
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
@@ -1014,8 +977,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         return {'value': value}
 
     def copy_data(self, cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not default:
             default = {}
         default.update({'state': 'draft', 'move_ids': [], 'invoiced': False, 'invoice_lines': []})
@@ -1171,8 +1132,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         return res
 
     def unlink(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         """Allows to delete sale order lines in draft,cancel states"""
         for rec in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if rec.state not in ['draft', 'cancel']:
@@ -1212,8 +1171,6 @@ class sale_config_picking_policy(osv.osv_memory):
     }
 
     def execute(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         for o in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             ir_values_obj = self.pool.get('ir.values')
             ir_values_obj.set(cr, uid, 'default', False, 'picking_policy', ['sale.order'], o.picking_policy)
diff --git a/addons/sale/stock.py b/addons/sale/stock.py
index 029ce5feeab..42208e1cfd9 100644
--- a/addons/sale/stock.py
+++ b/addons/sale/stock.py
@@ -117,8 +117,6 @@ class stock_picking(osv.osv):
         invoice_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice')
         picking_obj = self.pool.get('stock.picking')
         invoice_line_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice.line')
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
 
         result = super(stock_picking, self).action_invoice_create(cursor, user,
                 ids, journal_id=journal_id, group=group, type=type,
diff --git a/addons/sale_analytic_plans/sale_analytic_plans.py b/addons/sale_analytic_plans/sale_analytic_plans.py
index cc006f3afc0..b8ccc44079d 100644
--- a/addons/sale_analytic_plans/sale_analytic_plans.py
+++ b/addons/sale_analytic_plans/sale_analytic_plans.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
         line_obj = self.pool.get('account.invoice.line')
         create_ids = super(sale_order_line, self).invoice_line_create(cr, uid, ids, context=context)
         i = 0
-        for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context):
+        for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             line_obj.write(cr, uid, [create_ids[i]], {'analytics_id': line.analytics_id.id})
             i = i + 1
         return create_ids
diff --git a/addons/sale_crm/wizard/crm_make_sale.py b/addons/sale_crm/wizard/crm_make_sale.py
index 7ee996dfd75..506177d08f4 100644
--- a/addons/sale_crm/wizard/crm_make_sale.py
+++ b/addons/sale_crm/wizard/crm_make_sale.py
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ class crm_make_sale(osv.osv_memory):
         return lead['partner_id']
 
     def view_init(self, cr, uid, fields_list, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         return super(crm_make_sale, self).view_init(cr, uid, fields_list, context=context)
 
     def makeOrder(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
@@ -138,8 +136,6 @@ class crm_make_sale(osv.osv_memory):
             return value
 
     def _get_shop_id(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         cmpny_id = self.pool.get('res.users')._get_company(cr, uid, context=context)
         shop = self.pool.get('sale.shop').search(cr, uid, [('company_id', '=', cmpny_id)])
         return shop and shop[0] or False
diff --git a/addons/sale_layout/sale_layout.py b/addons/sale_layout/sale_layout.py
index cd396fc785b..f5b036d143f 100755
--- a/addons/sale_layout/sale_layout.py
+++ b/addons/sale_layout/sale_layout.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ class sale_order_line(osv.osv):
 
     def _amount_line(self, cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context=None):
         res = {}
-        context = context or {}
         for line in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if line.layout_type == 'article':
                 return super(sale_order_line, self)._amount_line(cr, uid, ids, field_name, arg, context)
diff --git a/addons/sale_mrp/sale_mrp.py b/addons/sale_mrp/sale_mrp.py
index 2ae230ae4a8..cea62f19fa0 100644
--- a/addons/sale_mrp/sale_mrp.py
+++ b/addons/sale_mrp/sale_mrp.py
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ class mrp_production(osv.osv):
         @return: Dictionary of values.
         """
         res = {}
-        if context is None:
-            context = {}
         if not field_names:
             field_names = []
         for id in ids:
diff --git a/addons/share/wizard/share_wizard.py b/addons/share/wizard/share_wizard.py
index a7789e52431..2ad2784b323 100644
--- a/addons/share/wizard/share_wizard.py
+++ b/addons/share/wizard/share_wizard.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class share_create(osv.osv_memory):
 
     def _create_new_share_users(self, cr, uid, wizard_data, group_id, context=None):
         user_obj = self.pool.get('res.users')
-        current_user = user_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid)
+        current_user = user_obj.browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context)
         user_ids = []
         if wizard_data.user_type == 'new':
             for new_user in wizard_data.new_users.split('\n'):
diff --git a/addons/stock/stock.py b/addons/stock/stock.py
index df24fa88dba..7637615727b 100644
--- a/addons/stock/stock.py
+++ b/addons/stock/stock.py
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ class stock_location(osv.osv):
             context = {}
         product_obj = self.pool.get('product.product')
         # Take the user company and pricetype
-        context['currency_id'] = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid).company_id.currency_id.id
+        context['currency_id'] = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context).company_id.currency_id.id
 
         # To be able to offer recursive or non-recursive reports we need to prevent recursive quantities by default
         context['compute_child'] = False
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ class stock_picking(osv.osv):
         """ Changes move state to assigned.
         @return: True
         """
-        for pick in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for pick in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             todo = []
             for move in pick.move_lines:
                 if move.state == 'assigned':
@@ -1451,11 +1451,11 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
             res.append((line.id, (line.product_id.code or '/')+': '+line.location_id.name+' > '+line.location_dest_id.name))
         return res
 
-    def _check_tracking(self, cr, uid, ids):
+    def _check_tracking(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         """ Checks if production lot is assigned to stock move or not.
         @return: True or False
         """
-        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if not move.prodlot_id and \
                (move.state == 'done' and \
                ( \
@@ -1467,11 +1467,11 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
                 return False
         return True
 
-    def _check_product_lot(self, cr, uid, ids):
+    def _check_product_lot(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         """ Checks whether move is done or not and production lot is assigned to that move.
         @return: True or False
         """
-        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if move.prodlot_id and move.state == 'done' and (move.prodlot_id.product_id.id != move.product_id.id):
                 return False
         return True
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
 
     def setlast_tracking(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         tracking_obj = self.pool.get('stock.tracking')
-        picking = self.browse(cr, uid, ids)[0].picking_id
+        picking = self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context)[0].picking_id
         if picking:
             last_track = [line.tracking_id.id for line in picking.move_lines if line.tracking_id]
             if not last_track:
@@ -1899,7 +1899,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
         if context is None:
             context = {}
         pickings = {}
-        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if move.state in ('confirmed', 'waiting', 'assigned', 'draft'):
                 if move.picking_id:
                     pickings[move.picking_id.id] = True
@@ -2027,7 +2027,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
         partial_obj=self.pool.get('stock.partial.picking')
         partial_id=partial_obj.search(cr,uid,[])
         if partial_id:
-            partial_datas=partial_obj.read(cr,uid,partial_id)[0]
+            partial_datas = partial_obj.read(cr, uid, partial_id, context=context)[0]
         if context is None:
             context = {}
 
@@ -2189,7 +2189,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
 
         res = []
 
-        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for move in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if split_by_qty <= 0 or quantity == 0:
                 return res
 
@@ -2232,7 +2232,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
                 self.write(cr, uid, [current_move], update_val)
         return res
 
-    def action_consume(self, cr, uid, ids, quantity, location_id=False,  context=None):
+    def action_consume(self, cr, uid, ids, quantity, location_id=False, context=None):
         """ Consumed product with specific quatity from specific source location
         @param cr: the database cursor
         @param uid: the user id
@@ -2316,7 +2316,7 @@ class stock_move(osv.osv):
         uom_obj = self.pool.get('product.uom')
         wf_service = netsvc.LocalService("workflow")
 
-        if  context is None:
+        if context is None:
             context = {}
 
         complete, too_many, too_few = [], [], []
diff --git a/addons/stock_planning/stock_planning.py b/addons/stock_planning/stock_planning.py
index d9a6eb6e84c..9fdd94c909d 100644
--- a/addons/stock_planning/stock_planning.py
+++ b/addons/stock_planning/stock_planning.py
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class stock_sale_forecast(osv.osv):
 
     def calculate_sales_history(self, cr, uid, ids, context, *args):
         sales = [[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],]
-        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             periods = obj.analyzed_period1_id, obj.analyzed_period2_id, obj.analyzed_period3_id, obj.analyzed_period4_id, obj.analyzed_period5_id
             so_obj = self.pool.get('sale.order')
             so_line_obj = self.pool.get('sale.order.line')
@@ -616,11 +616,11 @@ class stock_planning(osv.osv):
         return uom_qty, uom, uos_qty, uos
 
     def procure_incomming_left(self, cr, uid, ids, context, *args):
-        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if obj.incoming_left <= 0:
                 raise osv.except_osv(_('Error !'), _('Incoming Left must be greater than 0 !'))
             uom_qty, uom, uos_qty, uos = self._qty_to_standard(cr, uid, obj, context)
-            user = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context)
+            user = self.pool.get('res.users').browse(cr, uid, uid, context=context)
             proc_id = self.pool.get('procurement.order').create(cr, uid, {
                         'company_id' : obj.company_id.id,
                         'name': _('Manual planning for ') + obj.period_id.name,
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ class stock_planning(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def internal_supply(self, cr, uid, ids, context, *args):
-        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids):
+        for obj in self.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if obj.incoming_left <= 0:
                 raise osv.except_osv(_('Error !'), _('Incoming Left must be greater than 0 !'))
             if not obj.supply_warehouse_id:
diff --git a/addons/subscription/subscription.py b/addons/subscription/subscription.py
index 255c6ccf8c1..4f40ea25c35 100644
--- a/addons/subscription/subscription.py
+++ b/addons/subscription/subscription.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class subscription_document_fields(osv.osv):
     _defaults = {}
 subscription_document_fields()
 
-def _get_document_types(self, cr, uid, context={}):
+def _get_document_types(self, cr, uid, context=None):
     cr.execute('select m.model, s.name from subscription_document s, ir_model m WHERE s.model = m.id order by s.name')
     return cr.fetchall()
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class subscription_subscription(osv.osv):
     }
 
     def set_process(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        for row in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for row in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             mapping = {'name':'name','interval_number':'interval_number','interval_type':'interval_type','exec_init':'numbercall','date_init':'nextcall'}
             res = {'model':'subscription.subscription', 'args': repr([[row['id']]]), 'function':'model_copy', 'priority':6, 'user_id':row['user_id'] and row['user_id'][0]}
             for key,value in mapping.items():
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class subscription_subscription(osv.osv):
         return True
 
     def model_copy(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
-        for row in self.read(cr, uid, ids):
+        for row in self.read(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
             if not row.get('cron_id',False):
                 continue
             cron_ids = [row['cron_id'][0]]
diff --git a/addons/survey/survey.py b/addons/survey/survey.py
index 10c98e61e25..903629f76d8 100644
--- a/addons/survey/survey.py
+++ b/addons/survey/survey.py
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ class survey_response(osv.osv):
     def name_get(self, cr, uid, ids, context=None):
         if not len(ids):
             return []
-        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['user_id','date_create'], context)
+        reads = self.read(cr, uid, ids, ['user_id','date_create'], context=context)
         res = []
         for record in reads:
             name = (record['user_id'] and record['user_id'][1] or '' )+ ' (' + record['date_create'].split('.')[0] + ')'